Confucianism Essay - 2049 Words

Confucianism Mencius vs Hsun Tzu nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Is man naturally good or is he evil? This question has not only been pondered by countless philosophers, but also by religious leaders around the world. Most often a single religious faith believes in either one or the other, and often these beliefs tend to create a certain world-view which dictates much of the faith. However, in some cases such as the one I will be discussing, two religious dignitaries do not agree and the repercussions of this can be found throughout the religion. The two men are Mencius, an early pupil of Confucius and Hsun Tzu, a later follower of the same faith. Mencius believed that each man, born of woman, would be naturally good and Hsun Tzu†¦show more content†¦Not much is known about Mencius or Hsun Tzu, but some basic information stirs around various interpretations of their works. Mencius was found to be one of the most important pupils of Confucius, he continued his work and added many new outlooks and clarity to some of Confuciusamp;#8217; teachings. Hsun Tzu, on the other hand, was a very well journeyed man. He had been surrounded by war, involved in politics and had a much greater variety of experience than that of Mencius or Confucius. Hsun Tzu came be a few years after Menciusamp;#8217; death and put a spin on Confucian beliefs and ideas. The difference in their beliefs is where the faith is defined, through the teachings of Mencius and Hsun Tzu a large problem arose. This problem was their views on human nature. Their differing ideas came to shape Confucianism into what it is today, and their differing world-views can explain a lot about their teachings. When dealing with these two ideas, we must first decipher what is meant by amp;#8220;nature; in the sense that Mencius and Hsun Tzu discuss. They are calling nature all the abilities that man is born with, the instincts which make a man human. Gut feelings, emotions and passions that are instilled in every human being from the moment of their conception. And finally a world-view is, as philosophers would call it, an idea with which other ideas are based. An idea which influences basic decision making andShow MoreRelatedConfucianism : Taoism, Confucianism, And Confucianism1156 Words   |  5 PagesRaymond Cho EALC 350 October 29, 2014 Professor Birge Which philosophy: Taoism, Confucianism, or Legalism would be best in your opinion for maintaining a peaceful society? Why? Perhaps there is no single philosophy that can create a truly peaceful society. The conundrum of choosing a philosophy to embody a peaceful society is rather complicated, as the ideologies of the philosophies often differ greatly from their real world application. Debates over ideologies can create global scale problemsRead MoreChristianity And Confucianism : Confucianism2203 Words   |  9 PagesChristianity and Confucianism Christianity and Confucianism are important religions today at least according to the Chinese. As a result, the rising influence brought about by Confucianism in China tends to trigger conflicts between the two religions. The Chinese society is greatly influenced by Confucianism, which has a considerable impact on Christianity as a religion in China. The modes of thinking associated with Confucianism are evident in the Chinese Christianity, but Confucianism ideas are deeplyRead MoreConfucianism, Taoism, And Confucianism1277 Words   |  6 Pagesmain philosophies: Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism. These beliefs helped shape Chinese culture as well as Chinese history. Not only did people believe in these ideas, but the three helped to govern the mighty Chinese dynasties. These dynasties all provided an impact to each doctrine; the philosophy that had the greatest impact was legalism because it ended the Warring States Period, provided structure, and strengthened agriculture, and the military of China. Although Confucianism, Taoism and LegalismRead MoreA Short History Of Confucianism And Confucianism1196 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor Dimick 23 November 2014 A Short History of Confucianism Confucianism is a way of life propagated by the Chinese philosopher Confucius in the 6th–5th century BCE, and it has been followed by the Chinese for more than 2000 years. Although Confucianism as changed over time, at its core, it is still places the same emphasis on the substance of learning, the source of values, and the social code of the Chinese. Additionally, the influence of Confucianism has extended to other countries such as KoreaRead MoreDifferences Between Confucianism And Confucianism1084 Words   |  5 Pagesphilosophies were similar, like their beliefs about man and society; their ideas were a little bit different and each had their own focus. The difference in focus between Confucianism and Taoism is that Confucianism was focused on having a structured society. It held as a principle the brotherhood of humanity. The opinion of Confucianism in humans was that for humans to live in harmony with each other there needed to be a type of hierarchy in place. That†™s why he had the five Confucian relationships inRead MoreEssay on Confucianism1052 Words   |  5 PagesConfucianism What is Confucianism? Confucianism was the single most important thing in Chinese life. It affected everything in China; education, government, and attitudes toward behavior in public and private life. Confucianism is not a religion, but it is more a philosophy and a guide to morality and good government. The Laozian and Mohist critiques of the Confucianism are both in an accurate fashion. Most significant value from Lazi is The Tao Te Jing. It is true that, while ConfucianismRead MoreEssay on Confucianism2000 Words   |  8 PagesConfucianism A philosopher named Confucius founded Confucianism in China 2,500 years ago. Confucianism is a system of ethical behavior and social responsibility that became the great traditions of the East.1 It played an important role in the evolution in Chinese culture over the centuries. It has influenced near-by countries and had made a mark in the history of religion. There are today over six million people who call themselves Confucianists. Most Confucianists live in East Asia whereRead MoreContributions Of Confucianism1034 Words   |  5 PagesConfucius was a great Chinese philosopher, but he was also a teacher, editor, and politician. He was born on September 28, 551 BC, and died in 479 BC. He was most well known as Confucius, but his real name is Kong Qiu. After his death, Confucianism became the official imperial philosophy of China. Later after his death, he was regarded as a sage who deserved greater recognition, and his teachings became more popular. He accomplished many great things in his life, and died a successful man. Read MoreIs Confucianism A Religion?1595 Words   |  7 PagesIs Confucianism A Religion? Without a doubt, Confucius is regarded as one of the greatest sages of China history. Some people even refer to him as a deity. There have even been attempts to make Confucianism into a religion. However, present day people regard Confucius as an ethical teacher rather than a man of religious faith, and they refuse to believe that Confucianism is a religion. However, in order to determine whether Confucianism is a religion, the most important Confucian text, The AnalectsRead MoreMengzi And Confucianism817 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the oldest philosophies in Chinese history is Confucianism. At the time of the warring states, Confucius wandered throughout China seeking a ruler who accepted the Confucian way. Since then, his ideas grew and are still relevant today. Throughout time other philosophers, Mengzi and Xunzi, have interpreted Confucius’ teachings and have long debated whether human nature is good or bad. I argue that human nature is not, as Mengzi believes, inhere ntly good, instead, completely self-interested

Quality And Safety Improvement Initiatives Influences The...

The requirement for quality and safety improvement initiatives influences the health care system. Quality health care is health services for individuals and populations that increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge (Hughes, 2008). According to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, To Err Is Human, the majority of medical errors result from faulty systems and processes, not individuals (Hughes, 2008). However, due to processes that are inefficient and variable, multiple health insurance, differences in provider education and experience, and other factors that contribute to the complexity of health care the IOM has put together six aims of health care that is effective, safe, patient-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable (Hughes, 2008). Group 1: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) implemented the Child Health Insurance Research Initiative (CHIRI), which is an effort to supply policymakers information to assist them improve access and quality care to children in low income areas (AHRQ, n.d.). The CHIRI initiative started in 1999 to support public child health care insurance programs and healthcare delivery systems (AHRQ, n.d.). However, the CHIRI has a partnership with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, and the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) (AHRQ, n.d.).Show MoreRelatedQuality Improvement And Health Care Delivery System1657 Words   |  7 PagesQuality improvement and initiatives are significant for the organization to provide quality health care delivery system. The patient’s safety and satisfaction are greatly achieved through the organization’s leadership, commitment, and initiatives. Quality initiatives can help the organization maximize resources in delivering quality and standard health care services. This paper aims to discuss the importance of quality improvement, contribution of health information technology system in quality improvementRead MoreImproving Quality of Health Care Services Essay1400 Words   |  6 PagesImproving Quality of Health Care Services The U.S. leads the way in many areas into the future of economy, wealth and civilization. America spends more on heath care than any other nation with quality and safety being a key focus. Nevertheless, evidence of improvement of decreased errors is limited. We lack answers to financial stability and providing quality health care to all (Becher amp; Chassin, 2001). Nationally, everyone is engaged in improving the quality and safety of healthcare.Read MoreNurses As Leaders For Quality Improvement Initiatives1143 Words   |  5 Pagesleaders in quality improvement initiatives In the evolving health care environment, a guiding policy and personnel planning is required with respect to the numbers, types and mix of professionals. To overcome the challenges of the existing health care system and practice environment, â€Å"nurses need to be well educated, team oriented, adaptable and able to apply competencies relevant to leadership† (The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health, 2011, p. 270). Health care system is complexRead MoreGovernment Agencies and Health Policy1530 Words   |  7 PagesGovernment Agencies and Health Policy The United States Health Care system has evolved from the home visit by the town doctor concept, to a more complex system of regulatory agencies, policies, rules and regulations that govern the practice and art of medicine. It is a system in which billions of dollars have been budgeted and dedicated to ensuring the country is delivering affordable, quality care. The ultimate goal of the U.S. system is making sure quality care is accessible to its consumersRead MoreHealth Care Quality Improvement Process Essay1212 Words   |  5 Pagessolely from safety enhancements - is one of many operational characteristics hospitals seek to improve. As Healthcare Reform falls into place, producing robust information stores, hospital administrators are taking a closer look at their internal processes using big data innovations that have arrived with perfect timing. With this information and organized teamwork, health care leaders are piloting the sweeping changes desired by many patients and public health advocates. Clarifying Health Care QualityRead MoreEssay on External and External Influences in Health Care 798 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract External and internal influences are relevant in health care. These influences continue to affect the total operations of a health care facility. I will summarize the insights I have gained into the external influences of the new health care reform policy and quality initiatives. The recent health care reform legislation was passed in the house and senate this year. The senior vice president, that I have interviewed, states that health care reform is an â€Å"unknown† for organizations. InRead MoreThe Future Of The Healthcare Delivery System1443 Words   |  6 PagesThe future of the healthcare delivery system is changing. Due to the complexities related to health and nursing care delivery the nursing profession needs to look at ways to expand nursing knowledge. There is now greater focus on health promotion, illness prevention as well as how to handle high acuity, chronic disease management across the care continuum in a cost effective manner (AACN 2011). The education al levels required for nurses have been long debated. The Tri-Council for Nursing hasRead MoreThe Tenets Of Healthcare Quality And Safety995 Words   |  4 PagesErr Is Human: Building a Safer Health System, the healthcare industry has struggled to make substantial headway in improving the quality of care and safety of patients.Continued problems with healthcare quality have caused mounting public frustration. For an industry in which the stakes are high and small problems can mean the difference between life and death, operations tend to be far from reliable. This paper will discuss the tenets of healthcare quality and safety, and highlight some of the organizationsRead MoreOverview of the Health Information Technology System1130 Words   |  4 PagesHealth Information Technology System Name Institutional Affiliation Date: Health Information Technology System Briefly share your nursing background and professional interests. As a nurse, I have been diligent in sharing the importance of problem solving, critical thinking and research with the public. I have succeeded in assisting the public to understand actions of nurses, which involves more than just nurturing. I have also helped in surveying and assessing risks, identifying the goals ofRead MoreDefinition Of Health Care Quality1657 Words   |  7 PagesThe definition of health care quality has changed significantly over the years. Depending on who is asked (doctor, patient, nurse etc.), the definition can vary; however there are always some similarities. There are two definitions expressed by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) that I believe adequately express my view on health care quality. One definition is from the Institute of Medicine that states health care quality is â€Å"safe, effective, patient-centered, timely, efficient

Environmental Issues of the 21st Century Free Essays

â€Å"Today human actions have become major forces in the operation of the earth system. They increasingly challenge the system boundaries of the planet, which will result in fundamental, unprecedented and unpredictable changes in the earth system (UNEVEN, 2012). † This Is the most Important perspective we have to consider as we enter and currently live In the era provided by the 21st century. We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Issues of the 21st Century or any similar topic only for you Order Now Everything happening In this world Is dependent or, If not, manipulated, by human beings. We have become the most superior entity on this planet to the point that we can tinker and choose our planet’s destiny. Given this notion, the most infamous environmental concern which got into our senses from the time we hit this century â€Å"can [simply] be categorized according to the major themes of global environmental change- water, climate change, the marine environment, and so on (UNEVEN, 2012). † This phenomenon or change in natural trends, habitats, and, is of course, caused by the acts of us humans, being the superiors of this natural cycle. There are numerous aspects of environmental change like water, climate, etc. But what we all know Is that the reason behind these changes Is collectively bound by the excessive ND Iniquitous acts of man because of their Inventions and stubbornness. Change In water Is caused by water pollutants which come from factories and garbage which Is a product of man. Change In climate Is due to greenhouse gases which come from burning of chemically hazardous wastes which is made by man and burned by man. Change in marine environment is cause by excessive fishing, and water pollutants as well which are both acts of man and products of man. These are Just a few examples of how some aspects of environmental change are done. From here, we can derive he idea that these changes in trends and systems in nature are all put together by man and their acts. To make it a lot more concrete and practical, probably the most important environmental and social concern that has to be tackled would be the products and actions of man and how this can be grounded on awareness and ethics. This concern has reached out and affected numerous fields of science which sometimes are not really related to each other (like: tampering with evolution via biotechnology up to climate change Oval greenhouse gases) except for the sole cause of these occurrences which is man’s actions. To say that the concern is solely environmental change would be a bit of an understatement. The real concern would probably be the uncontrollable acts of man. It is disturbing that a single cause could actually affect different aspects in different ways to the point that naturally-known ways and cycles are tipped by mere inventions, ignorance of man, and selfishness. Awareness in the 21st century is solely fixated on man. The man that we know of today has become that catalyst to tip eras of evolution and natural cycles that have been existing before us. The man that we know of today has become the sole manipulator by turning supposedly naturally occurring phenomenon to dissipate or to be created and run artificially. If we look around us, different environmental concerns have arose which show a single symptom; change. But all these changes and concerns boll down to one single factor; human Intervention. In this century, everything that has happened and changed, environmentally speaking, can be Justly blamed on humanity â€Å"Soc TTY NAS already confronted a most to global environmental challenges including loss of biodiversity, climate change, water and and degradation among others, and, through persistence and ingenuity, has found many solutions to these challenges. How to cite Environmental Issues of the 21st Century, Papers

Wages Inequality in UK an Uganda Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Wages Inequality in UK an Uganda. Answer: This paper talks about wage level differences in labour markets of UK, a developed country and Uganda, a developing country. It also talks about disparities in their public and private sectors. The developed nations like UK, spend a lot in public sectors and provides its people with free, safe and secured environment in terms of social, economic and political sectors to live in whereas the developing countries like Uganda face an issue regarding the same due to lack of financial stability and low levels of industrialisation. Gini coefficient is an index which measures the level of income disparities among various sections of the economy. The higher the number, the higher is the income disparity which means there is higher inequality. The gini coefficient of UK and Uganda in 2011-15 was 31.7 and 40.42 respectively (UNU Wider, 2018). This gives us a view that the wages in Uganda are more unequal than those of UK. There are lesser disparities among top and lowest wage earners in UK as compared to Uganda. The equality adjusted income index by UNDP report for the year 2014 shows Uganda with 0.31and UK with 0.74 magnitudes (Human Development Report, 2015). It is often the case that as the economy grows, the richer section tends to get richer and the poorer gets poorer. The public sectors are managed and operated by the government with the objective of social development. The private sector on the other hand focuses on profit maximisation and are operated and managed by the private ownership. By 2016-17 the spending made by the UK government was close to 40% as a part of GDP whereas Uganda spent 6-10% as a part of GDP. The salaries in private and public sectors of Uganda are highly diverse whereas the bargaining in terms of public and private sectors is quite rare in UK. The countries that are developed have higher per capita incomes and are more industrialised then the developing ones where primary sector is more prominent. The healthcare facilities, job security and salaries are better in the case of developed countries. References: UNU Wider, 2018, WIID World Income Inequality Database, viewed on 26th February, 2018. Available at: https://www.wider.unu.edu/project/wiid-world-income-inequality-database Human Development Report, 2015, Inequality-adjusted income index, viewed on 26th February, 2018. Available at: https://www.google.com/publicdata/explore?ds=ife8n327iup1s_ctype=bstrail=falsebcs=dnselm=smet_y=indicator_103706scale_y=linind_y=falsemet_x=indicator_137506scale_x=linind_x=falseifdim=countryind=falseicfg#!ctype=bstrail=falsebcs=dnselm=smet_x=indicator_137506scale_x=linind_x=falsemet_y=indicator_71606scale_y=linind_y=falseidim=country:21703:22003ifdim=countryhl=en_USdl=en_USind=false Wynarczyk, P., Watson, R., Storey, D.J., Short, H. and Keasey, K., 2016.Managerial labour markets in small and medium-sized enterprises. Routledge. Wilkinson, F. ed., 2013.The dynamics of labour market segmentation. Elsevier.

Couple Interview †Marital Challenges Essay Example Essay Example

Couple Interview – Marital Challenges Essay Example Paper Couple Interview – Marital Challenges Essay Introduction I interviewed John and Cindy about their marriage and the challenges they’ve faced together as a married couple. I am encouraged by their relationship and have decided to use their relationship as a model for my second interview. John and Cindy have been married for almost 5 years. In addition to this union, there is McKenna, Cindy’s son. They are a blended family, of course, and are part of the more modern structure of families in our society. When reflecting upon their ideas about marriage, prior to actually being married, I noticed that Cindy’s outlook was positive. She knew she would be married one day and looked forward to it. Even though she was in a long-term romantic relationship prior to meeting John, that relationship wasn’t what she considered a foundation for a good marriage. Her former boyfriend was good friends with the family and spent a great amount of time with them. Cindy also spent a great deal of time with his family as well. This allowed them to witness each other’s family of origin. However, the time that John spends with her family, she says, is different. It’s full of quality and genuine caring for her people. Couple Interview – Marital Challenges Essay Body Paragraphs John also added that Cindy’s first meeting with his mother and sister exceeded his expectations. They took to her right away and have had a good relationship ever since. As a matter of fact, several of his family members have traveled from their home states to stay with them for weeks at a time. I decided to ask about the differences between men and women, and if either of them has heard of the book Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus by author John Gray, the feedback was instant. They both chimed in with the same answer. We will write a custom essay sample on Couple Interview – Marital Challenges Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Couple Interview – Marital Challenges Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Couple Interview – Marital Challenges Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer John has always believed that men will never understand what goes on in a woman’s mind. Cindy believes that men are a different species, and not necessarily human. They way men and women problem solve, in her opinion, are polar opposites. However, when she comes to John with a problem or a task she tries to remember that she asked him for help. He doesn’t need to have the solution dictated to him; she must trust him to help in his own way. She also believes that there is more than one way to solve a problem, and it doesn’t matter whose way is used, as long as the problem is solved. I take this piece of advice to heart, as I’ve been told that I am impatient and a bit of a control freak. John states that he tries his best to work out his own dilemmas because he knows that Cindy has a stressful full-time job, and she’s also a full-time mom to McKenna. Between her schedule and McKenna’s extra-curricular activities, John doesn’t like to add anything extra on her plate if he doesn’t need to. That, he says, is the reason he takes such a large role in McKenna’s activities. It brings a sense of peace to the home when he knows his wife and son’s needs are met. Our next subject was the topic of â€Å"deadly habits† that ruin a relationship. Another excellent example of their understanding is Cindy’s approach to getting help with household chores. Instead of nagging John to take out the garbage, which is initially what she used to do, she tried a different approach. Now she asks him once or twice, and if he doesn’t get to it, she kindly lets him know how uncomfortable she is with trash sitting and the extra work it makes for her in the long run with cleaning the mess or airing out the lingering odor. She admits that she doesn’t go overboard because she is a â€Å"junky† person and doesn’t want to look like a hypocrite. John, however, has fallen into her pattern of â€Å"junkiness,† stating that he used to be quite neat and before he knew it, he had clothes on the floor right next to Cindy’s. An d he appreciates her new approach when asking him to complete tasks because he feels respected and needed instead of criticized or scolded like a child. I brought up the topic of the four stages of love and asked both John and Cindy if they were aware that four stages existed. They both replied no, and I proceeded to explain each stage and ask which one they were in. John feels as if they are still in the infatuation stage, based on his love for Cindy. He doesn’t feel as if the honeymoon has ended because he loves her more each day. Cindy feels the same, but recognizes realistically that they are in the connection stage. She said they have gone through the discovery stage and now focus on staying together and constantly working to better their relationship. While it does still feel new to her, she takes into consideration the challenges they’ve overcome and the challenges that await them in the future. One of the many challenges couples face is dealing with financial i ssues. Cindy makes a great living and had done so prior to meeting John. And the same goes for him. But Cindy realized, upon marriage, that John was better at managing finances than she was. After being independent for many years it was an adjustment for her to have someone else make suggestions to her on saving money or cutting back on her spending. However, trusting her husband and seeing the way he managed his own money, she took his advice and is glad she did. They consult on big purchases and realize that not every dollar spent has to be accounted for to the other person. They, especially Cindy, realize that being on one accord in money matters benefits the family. It’s not about one person’s money anymore. It’s their money regardless of who makes more or who spends it. Being that John and Cindy are both in their early 40’s, I asked both of them if they felt there was an ideal age to get married. Cindy believes there isn’t an ideal age to get married. If she had met John fifteen years ago and still feels as she does now, she would have married him then. However, she is thankful that she was able to do all the things she loved doing as a single woman such as traveling, going out with girlfriends as she pleased and shopping. She’s also thankful from a parental standpoint because her habits changed after having McKenna. She was able to satisfy her single self, and can now be happy and content being a wife and mother without feeling as if she missed out on anything. John says he was content not being married or even being on the path to marriage. He feels there is no ideal age to get married. When you’re ready, you’ll know it, no matter how old or young you are. He shares Cindy’s sentiments on satisfying his single self prior to meeting and marrying her. He is content with what he accomplished on his own and now loves that they accomplish things together. From the many topics we discussed, on and off the record, I am so inspired by John and Cindy’s approach to love and life. I enjoy being in their presence because they radiate a positive vibe. I don’t enjoy being around couples that argue or have tension between them. It’s uncomfortable for me and can change the mood of the environment. I have listened to both of them intently and have related their challenges to challenges I’ve had. The approach they take toward each other is remarkable. They have a mutual respect that goes beyond loving each other. They respect each other as individuals with their own respective levels of intelligence. I appreciate the example they provide to me and to other people they encounter. I know Cindy very well and it has really pleased me to watch her grow in love with someone who compliments her so well. I have seen the subtle changes she’s made such as cooking. I’ve also seen the more apparent changes, such as the reduction in her stress level. Talking to them and watching their words in action has redefined my beliefs in marriage. I don’t have many examples of a happily married couple. But knowing that Cindy and John are in my life makes it easier for me to have a blueprint of what marriage can be.

Facts and Figures About Plesiosaurus, the Long-Necked Marine Reptile

Facts and Figures About Plesiosaurus, the Long-Necked Marine Reptile As you may already have surmised from its name, Plesiosaurus is the eponymous member of the family of marine reptiles known as plesiosaurs, which were characterized by their sleek bodies, wide flippers, and relatively small heads set at the end of long necks. These Mesozoic reptiles were once famously described as looking like a snake threaded through the shell of a turtle, although it was quickly established that they didnt have shells and were only distantly related to modern testudines. Plesiosaurs were closely related to, but distinct from, pliosaurs, contemporary marine reptiles possessing thicker torsos, shorter necks, and longer heads. The eponymous member of the pliosaur family was – you guessed it  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Pliosaurus. Like all marine reptiles, Plesiosaurus was not technically a dinosaur, having evolved from different antecedents in the reptile family tree. Theres a lot we still dont know about Plesiosaurus, which, like many name brand prehistoric reptiles, is much less well understood than the family to which it gave its name. (For a terrestrial parallel, think of the enigmatic Hadrosaurus and the well-known family of dinosaurs to which it belonged, the hadrosaurs, or duck-billed dinosaurs). Discovered very early in paleontological history by the pioneering English fossil hunter Mary Anning in 1823, Plesiosaurus created a sensation back in the early 19th century. Scientists at the time didnt quite know what to make of this 15-foot-long, 120-million-year-old beast. However, Plesiosaurus wasnt the first marine reptile to be discovered in England; that honor belongs to the distantly related Ichthyosaurus. The Lifestyle of Plesiosaurus Plesiosaurs in general, and Plesiosaurus in particular, werent the most accomplished swimmers, ​since they lacked the hydrodynamic builds of their bigger, meaner and more streamlined cousins, the pliosaurs. To date, its unknown whether Plesiosaurus and its ilk lumbered onto dry land to lay their eggs or gave birth to live young while still swimming (though the latter is the increasingly favored possibility). We do know, however, that plesiosaurs went extinct along with the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, and have not left any living descendants. (Why is this important? Well, many otherwise well-meaning people insist that the putative Loch Ness Monster is actually a plesiosaur that survived extinction!) The heyday of the plesiosaurs and pliosaurs was the middle-to-late Mesozoic Era, especially the late Jurassic and early Cretaceous period; by the end of the Mesozoic Era, these marine reptiles had been widely supplanted by even more vicious mosasaurs, which likewise succumbed to the K/T Extinction 65 million years ago. The big fish/bigger fish template applies throughout evolutionary history; an argument has been made that mosasaurs partly went extinct because of the increasing diversity and dominance of sharks, the best-equipped marine predators yet evolved by Mother Nature. Name: Plesiosaurus (Greek for almost lizard); pronounced PLEH-see-oh-SORE-us Habitat: Oceans worldwide Historical Period: Early-Middle Jurassic (135-120 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 15 feet long and 1,000 pounds Diet: Fish and mollusks Distinguishing Characteristics: Long neck; tapered body; blunt flippers; small head with sharp teeth

Analysis Report Tata Steel of India Research Paper - 1

Analysis Report Tata Steel of India - Research Paper Example The Indian Government has pursued a policy of progressively opening India’s local economy to foreign competition, and there is currently no levy or tax restriction on the import and export of iron and steel products. (India Ministry of Steel, 2009) The consequence of this is considered to be increased competition in the sector, and lower prices, particularly as set by Chinese steel producers for export. China produced over 10 times the steel capacity of India, at 567 million metric tons in 2009 compared to 56.1 million metric tons produced by India in the same period. (India Ministry of Steel, 2010) Nevertheless, Tata Steel has produced a corporate strategy to meet these competitive challenges, and this includes sustainability policies directed at the greater welfare of workers, the environment, and community. This report will review Tata Steel’s sustainability policies as implemented by corporate management to determine the success of these programs and to recommend ch anges that are mutually beneficial to the stakeholders of the company. Tata Steel states publicly that â€Å"the primary purpose of a business is to improve the quality of life of people.† (Tata Steel, 2011) This tenet constitutes the cornerstone of the company’s sustainability policy and represents the wider mandate held by corporate management on behalf of stakeholders. In India, there is a need for social and economic development that uplifts people out of poverty. One of the main processes that enable individuals to improve their living condition in the modern, globalized economy is the possession of a professional, well-paying job. Another factor is the level of education that an individual receives in the formative years of development.

Learning organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Learning organisation - Essay Example Learning organization can be defined as, â€Å"A Learning Company is an organization that facilitates the learning of all its members and continuously transforms itself†Development of an organization into a learning organization is not an organic process Instead, such a development is facilitated by certain factors. With the growth of organization and structuring of the company, individuals tend to assume more strength and power and their rigidity subdues the organization’s capacity to learn as it grows. In such circumstances, solutions applied to counter problems are often ineffective. Organizations tend to downsize in an attempt to enlarge profits and remain competitive. With fewer staff members, load on individuals grows manifolds. In order to gain competitive advantage and to promote a culture that is customer responsive, it is imperative that companies learn faster than their parallels in the market. This requires maintenance of knowledge regarding new processes an d products and an understanding of the outside environment. That is why learning organization has been defined as, â€Å"a company that can respond to new information by altering the very â€Å"programming† by which information is processed and evaluated† (Malhotra, 1996). In order to accomplish this, employees assume a greater responsibility of both managing their own works and cooperating with one another to play part in the organization’s strategic processes meant for competitive advantage. This paper aims at discussing some of the key features of a learning organization.... According to the systems thinking, in order for an organization to gain the qualities a learning organization, all traits should be simultaneously apparent in it. In case an organization lacks any of the five characteristics, it will not be able to achieve its goal. However, some people are of the view that these traits can be acquired or developed one by one with time. For example, O’ Keeffe (2002) is of the view that these features can not all be acquired at once, and are instead, developed gradually to convert an organization into a learning organization. Shared vision: One of the key factors that provide an organization with an opportunity to gain competitive advantage is shared vision. Shared vision among the organizational personnel builds their common identity. This in turn, provides the workers with tremendous energy and inculcates motivation in them to gain learning. In this way, shared vision plays a cardinal role in promoting learning among the members of the staff. Individuals’ vision plays a big role in the development and promotion of shared vision. Thus, if the vision in a company is enforced by particular people who assume greater power over others, this may hinder the development of a shared organizational vision. This is the fundamental reason why most of the learning organizations prefer to adopt decentralized and flat organization structures. Personal mastery: Personal mastery is the name of an individual’s commitment to the organizational learning process (Senge, 1990). An organization whose personnel are quick learners acquires an edge over the competitors whose employees are not. There are various organization specific events and happenings that

Marketing principles Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Marketing principles - Assignment Example Lowering prices increase the sales volume of the company. In some cases, consumers do not consider the price of the product, but instead go for quality, cost effectiveness, accessibility, time, and value added. Therefore, price influences the companys growth and at the same time limited in its scope. These are company’s activities, which makes the product available to consumers. For products to be available to consumers, an organization must target larger geographical coverage and open distribution centers. Similarly, goods have to be placed next to consumers to allow their accessibility. Because of this, companies open distribution networks to enable the products and services reach the target market. This is a way the company communicates to its customers about the product, values and benefits. There are different ways an organization can promote its products, and they include internet marketing, print media adverts, direct sales among others. Marketing orientation is of benefit because it makes the organization respond to demands. It enables the organization to react to what customers want hence eliminating guessing and forecasting characterized by guessing what consumers wants. It also helps in building customer values, which helps a company in increasing customer loyalty to the brand. This benefits the company because it gives a competitive advantage and solidifies the customer base. The company also benefits from reward sales because of customers repeat larger purchase. However, it is costly because the company has to invest in marketing research. This may prove to be expensive for an organization will have to move and conduct a study in order to know what customers prefer. The microenvironment influencing MacDonald marketing strategies involves issues of its managements. For instance, the company has many customers, which influences its marketing decision. It has to market its products to reach its large customers

Social movements and public opinion on gender issues

Social movements and public opinion on gender issues Social movements are loosely formed groupings of individuals which are usually formed with the aim of campaigning for or against the implementation of a certain issue in the society. Social movements do not have standard sizes because some may be made up of few individuals while others may cover even the whole part of the world. The size of the movement generally depends on the issues that are being debated at the time of its formation. Such movements are generally governed by the spontaneous coming together of people guided by no rules of regulations but rather by the common cause that brings the together (Saunders Walter, 2005). Some of the hottest topics that mostly capture the agendas of most western social movements include freedom of expressions, economic independence, and gender equality among others. The purpose of this study is to identify social movements that address issues related to gender and how such movements have affected gender. This will be possible by analyzing t he political environment that led to the existence of the social movements being discussed. The study will also seek to identify some of the impacts that the movements have head in the society at large (Love, 2006). Womens Suffrage, Ecofeminism and Womens liberations movements are some of the social movements identified in this study that have some effect on gender issues and how the society addresses issues related to women. Womens suffrage for instance is a social movements formed in the early 18th century to advocate for women to vote and run for public offices. This social movement has its basis on the era in which women were discriminated and considered to be too weak to hold any public office with diligence (Chapman, 2009). Such a movement called for the reformation of the economic and political spheres so that women could have equal competing field with men. Additionally, the movement also articulated for the honoring of women by being given equal rights as men in the ownership of property, payment of tax among other rights. Evidence point out that New Zealand became the first nation to vote for a woman to hold public office as a result of this social movement (Saunders Walter, 2005). The existence of the Womens Suffrage as a social movement clearly points out the nature of the political environment at those times to have been discriminative against women. Women were generally not allowed not to hold any public office and they had no right to own property. Generally, women were treated as if they did not have any say regarding their rights. However, the emergence of this movement drastically changed the perspective of the society towards women (Saunders Walter, 2005). The fact that women became part of leaders and held public offices is a clear indication that the social movement had a positive effect on the society because they ended up accepting the facts given by the social movement. The change also had the effect of changing the political structures of nations that accepted the calls made by the social movement. Ecofeminism is another social movement that has been shown to have a significant impact on the society. This movement indicates that there exists a commonality between environmentalism and being a woman. According to the proponents of this movement, there is a relationship between the way women are oppressed in the society and the destruction of nature through the creation of concepts that may indicate how inferior women are inferior to men (Chapman, 2009). This social movement explores or existed in a society that believed that men are always superior over women. Such a political environment is seen to have perpetuated social inequalities like racism among others. The brainchild of this movement was driven by the fact that the same intellect that promotes the destruction of the environment. The existence of ecofeminism describes the political environment in twofold. Women were being oppressed and discriminated in all manners possible. It also shows that there was environmental degradation that would ultimately threaten human existence. The coming of this social movement changed the societys perspective by improving the interrelationships between human beings. Additionally, the movement is seen as one of the factors that led to the extinction of discrimination on the basis of gender. Consciousness about caring for the environment also developed due to the coming up of the social movement (Love, 2006). Womens liberation movement is another social movement distinct from the feminism or ecofeminism which began to develop in the early 1960s. The social movement was formed to fight for all the possible women rights that may have been violated at the time of its formation. The movement was strengthened through the formation of two bodies in the United States. The National Organization of Women and Equal Rights Amendment were formed with the aim championing for the honoring of the rights of women. The political environment during the formation of the social movement clearly indicates how the rights of women we not being respected (Chapman, 2009). However, the existence of this social movement is seen to have changed the perspective of the society regarding the ways in which they could be able to treat women equally as men. This may have been the reason that led to the formation of the two bodies to oversee the fact that the rights of women were respected. Social movements are important bodies of the society because they address issues that dealt unfairly in the society. The ones related to gender are seen to champion for the respect of the rights of women in a society and a political environment that despises them (Love, 2006). The social movements identified in this study are seen to have facilitated the eradication of vices like racial and gender discrimination among others. The nature of the political environment is seen to facilitate the formation of a social movement in the sense that whenever the rights of a particular groups are infringed, the afflicted groups may be forced to from a movement that will champion for the ir rights (Saunders Walter, 2005).

How have some Chinese companies achieved success in foreign markets? :: Business, International Companies

Over the last 30 years the world has seen drastic changes in the Chinese way of making business. Nowadays, China has opened its businesses to the rest of the world, especially America and Europe (Teagarden & Cai, 2009). As a result, their economy has increased and the evolution of the companies have changed to be from closed doors to be international and multinational (Teagarden & Cai, 2009). This essay will analyze, first of all, how some Chinese companies have had success abroad, looking at the strategy that they applied to expand and to improve their products. Furthermore, this essay will show examples of successful Chinese firms, such as Lenovo and TCL Group, and how they achieve it. According to Teagarden & Cai (2009) Chinese companies have expanded abroad for three reasons. Firstly, ‘to secure natural resources to satisfy the demand of their home costumers for raw and fuel; secondly to identify and secure foreign technology and know-how; finally, to escape home market saturation and ruthless price wars’ (Teagarden & Cai, 2009: 73). In addition, Teagarden & Cai (2009) noted that in order to become multinational firms, Chinese companies followed a pattern of four phases: Learning phase, firms started to build alliances with international respected companies, such as, possible competitors or acquisitions, absorbing the information about new technology and services, and know-how to improve their own brand. However, achieving this phase was no easy, China had its doors closed for foreign businesses for decades. They needed to train their key managers about how international companies work and manufacturing skills. Build-Up Phase, once companies absorbed knowledge they started to research and improve their own brand, and imitating the existing technology achieving innovation and chain expansion, namely, exportation of their product. Internationalization Phase, during this phase Chinese companies focused on ‘building brand, localization of products and services for new markets, and differentiation of products to support higher margins’ they did what was ‘good enough’ for the market (Teagarden & Cai, 2009:78). An important issue during this phase was to research and develop the products, and to keep the key talent of the company, such as managers and engineers. Globalization Phase, companies were known locally, regionally and internationally, their products were already improved offering innovative services. However, as The Economist (2007) has highlighted, while more global the companies are more aware of corporate social responsibility they need to be, namely, foreign stakeholders will expect, not only innovative and effective products, but also they will open their doors and invest their money to companies that are social responsible.

Following are excerpts from a speech made by Frederick W. Taylor in 191 Essay

If any of you will get close to the average workman in this country—close enough to him so that he will talk to you as an intimate friend—he will tell you that in his particular trade if, we will say, each man were to turn out twice as much work as he is now doing, there could be but one result to follow: Namely, that one-half the men in his trade would be thrown out of work. This doctrine is preached by almost every labor leader in the country and is taught by every workman to his children as they are growing up; and I repeat, as I said in the beginning, that it is our fault more than theirs that this fallacy prevails. While the labor leaders and the workmen themselves in season and out of season are pointing out the necessity of restriction of output, not one step are we taking to counteract that fallacy; therefore, I say, the fault is ours and not theirs. 1.Do you think Taylor’s position is equally applicable today? Be prepared to justify your answer. †¢I don’t believe Taylor’s position would be equally applicable in American business today, as it did in 1911. Since the end of World War II, it’s more apparent in American business culture for more short term employment. Some examples include contract maintenance where specific skills are required for a specified time or project completion. There are government agencies with Directors and Administrators who are filling a senior management position for as long as the current President serves. Businesses today are finding that through outsourcing some of their responsibilities to teams of highly skilled employees specializing in the needed field, this will alleviate some of the financial liabilities needed in if they were to maintain their own permanent team. The founder and chairman of APQC (formerly known as the American Productivity and Quality Center) in Houston, C. Jackson Grayson, warned several years ago that if management and labor cannot make their relationship less adversarial, â€Å"then we won’t get the full, long-term kick in productivity  that we desperately need.† 2.Looking at Taylor’s and Grayson’s remarks, which were made approximately 73 years apart, one has to wonder what we have learned. Many similar comparisons could be made. Why do you think managers don’t seem to learn as much as they could from the past? †¢Traditional relationships between management and labor looks nothing as it did 100 years ago, especially when it pertains to unions. Being the only industrialized country with its infrastructure mostly intact after World War II, the United States basked in economic superiority with American industry. However, management in the past rarely included employees in the decision-making process. There was a disconnect between management and labor which union leaders were utilized to close gaps and ensure fairness in areas such as pay and benefits, but more importantly, where safety is involved. In American businesses today, with government regulations and restrictions, differences in American and global markets and customs, outsourcing and contract services, and improvements in technology have changed the relationships between management and labor. According to an article written in Governing.Com, relationships between management and labor can be minimized by forming a joint process improvement committee (PIC), who are focused on driving organizational efficiencies. The committees are formed which enables both sides to pursue their interests with mutual respect and communication (O’Leary, 2010). Although there is no quick fix with regards to management and labor relationships, one thing is still very clear, there is still a significant divide. References Huebsch, R. (2014). The Evolution of the Labor-Management Relationship. Houston Chronical. Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/evolution-labormanagement-relationship-36056.html Leslie W. Rue, L. L. (2009). Management kills and Application. McGraw-Hill/Irwin. O’Leary, J. (2010, September 8). Labor Pains: Repairing the Manager and Union Relationship. Governing. Retrieved from http://www.governing.com/blogs/bfc/repairing-management-union-relationship.html

Free Essays on Macbeth Essay

and phrases, such as  ¡Ã‚ §thick night ¡Ã‚ ¨,  ¡Ã‚ §the dunnest smoke of hell ¡Ã‚ ¨,  ¡Ã‚ §keen knife ¡Ã‚ ¨ and  ¡Ã‚ §peep through the blanket of the dark to cry ¡Ã‚ ¨ (25), to further enroot Lady Macbeth ¡Ã‚ ¦s enviousness into the... Free Essays on Macbeth Essay Free Essays on Macbeth Essay Committing a murder isn ¡Ã‚ ¦t an easy task. It ¡Ã‚ ¦s not only about a knife and an alibi; but also involves a brew of inner-struggle and guilt that are often buried under the stereotypical image. Shakespeare successfully separates Macbeth from these stereotypes, which appears startling among these hackneyed murder tales. In Macbeth, Shakespeare digs into the raw side of murderers, placing their inner struggle and guilt in the limelight. The characters, mainly Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, experience surprising stages of emotional metamorphosis - peaceful loyalty, cold-blooded murder, and hateful revenge  ¡V which, in the end, gradually replace their original behavior with their antithesis. In the early scenes, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth believe in different sets of morals. A Loyal Thane of Cawdor, Macbeth, in Lady Macbeth ¡Ã‚ ¦s words, is  ¡Ã‚ §too full o ¡Ã‚ ¦th ¡Ã‚ ¦milk of human kindness to catch the nearest way. ¡Ã‚ ¨ (23) He is too decent and squeamish to murder Duncan for the crown, and even if he does, his face  ¡Ã‚ §is as a book where men may read strange matters ¡Ã‚ ¨. (27) Shakespeare uses a handful of metaphors and imagery to portray Macbeth ¡Ã‚ ¦s loyalty and decency, which Lady Macbeth considers as cowardice. However, his lack of self-confidence is made up by the opportunism of Lady Macbeth, which Shakespeare reveals with the use of dark metaphors and imagery. Lady Macbeth reveals her evil and ambitious character by hoping the evil spirits will  ¡Ã‚ §come to [her] woman ¡Ã‚ ¦s breasts and take [her] milk for gall ¡Ã‚ ¨.(25) She even further reveals her ambitious and opportunistic personality by her wish of being  ¡Ã‚ §unsexed ¡Ã‚ ¨ and  ¡Ã‚ §filled from the crown to the toe topfull of direst cruelty ¡Ã‚ ¨.(25) Shakespeare uses strong, ominous words and phrases, such as  ¡Ã‚ §thick night ¡Ã‚ ¨,  ¡Ã‚ §the dunnest smoke of hell ¡Ã‚ ¨,  ¡Ã‚ §keen knife ¡Ã‚ ¨ and  ¡Ã‚ §peep through the blanket of the dark to cry ¡Ã‚ ¨ (25), to further enroot Lady Macbeth ¡Ã‚ ¦s enviousness into the...

Descriptive Essay Ideas People, Ideas, Objects #038; Much More!

Descriptive Essay Ideas People, Ideas, Objects #038; Much More! In order to be able to write a good descriptive essay – you have to be able to think everything through. From the moment the professor has assigned you a descriptive essay – you have to start thinking on it, and on everything related to it. It does not matter, if the deadline for the descriptive essay is in months – the rule is â€Å"The more you think and plan it – the better it will be†. So if you have already started on planning the descriptive essay – you have to be able to come up with clean, interesting and understandable descriptive essay ideas related to the topic you are given. For some students it may seem unbearable to come up with fresh and unique descriptive essay topics, and these students require quality descriptive essay idea examples, which are listed below: * a person: You can browse through famous people, and maybe describe one of them. It is always interesting to learn more about a specific person, especially, if the facts written about him are new and interesting. Try to think of a famous person you know nothing or very little – and conduct a small research. * a place: You can shock and please your reader with your writing style. If you have great writing skills – you might want to make an accent on them, and by describing a specific place in your descriptive essay you will definitely manage to do that. Simply think of a good place, where you can apply your writing talent, and you are good to go. * a memory: If you are truly a creative person – you can think of an amusing memory you will want to share with the reader. People who succeed in writing a descriptive essay on a memory and can truly depict the events and feelings – can freely become professional writers afterwards. * an experience: If you have experience in education and teaching someone about something you can easily write an experience paper. Just focus on the morale and get into the details as much as possible, just remember not to bore the reader. * an object: By far the most popular topic, as it is easy and convenient. Be careful when describing an object, as you can be easily repeated by another student from the same class. In case you are having problems and difficulties with having your descriptive essay done – you can ask CustomWritings.com for help. We will easy help and provide professional assistance in any topic of an descriptive essay?

Poverty and the Distribution of income during the Reagan years Research Paper

Poverty and the Distribution of income during the Reagan years - Research Paper Example Name of the Student Name of the Professor Course No. Date Poverty and the Distribution of Income during the Reagan Years I. Introduction United States had a Republican form of administration from 1981 to 1989. The administration was under the 40th president of United States named Ronald Reagan. This essay tries to focus on the level of poverty and income distribution in the Reagan years in United States. The pattern of governance under Reagan in U.S. was in favor of reducing the state owned programs. Ronald Reagan has announced the highest across board tax redemptions in American history. The different economic policies that were introduced by the president were mainly examples of supply side economics; they were often termed as ‘Reaganomics’. 1 The concept of what is now known as Privatization was first introduced by Reagan; he always encouraged the private spending by limiting the growth of state expenditures. Reagan successfully won re-election in U.S. by taking activ e measures to reduce inflation and extra regulations imposed by the government. However it was a noticeable fact that the fiscal debt was successfully incrementing during this period of economic history. II. Poverty and Income Distribution in the Reagan Period The epoch of Reagan governance in U.S. was often termed as the ‘Reagan Revolution’ as the economy both in and beyond U.S. was significantly influenced by the faith that the ruling president had in laissez-faire economy. 2 It has always been a subject of study for economists and analysts concerning the extent of inequality and income distribution in U.S. It is analyzed that after a long period of equitable income distribution, income equality started to fall in most of the English speaking nations from 1970 onwards mainly in the U.S. It was found that in the Reagan era the gap between rich and low income classes started to increase.3 This is because Reagan paved a way for almost a ‘U’ turn in U.S. econ omy. The nation started to invest primarily in speculation purposes by increasing its offshore stash.4 The country also started to outsource its factor services like labor required for productive purposes. The following was done in order to get sources at lower cost. U.S. governance during this period supported growth of business and industry at the cost of abating the organized labor power of the economy.5 Reaganomics made the country to spend less in welfare purposes, led to reduced corporate taxes and reduced spending on military services.6 It was believed by Krugman that the tax cuts made by the government during this period increased the costs of the lower 60% population and gave profit to the upper 40% income group.7 It was found during this period that the mean wage of the common households in U.S during this period was approximately $2000 while the average wage of the steelworkers was almost close to $4000.8 Rather the Pension Benefit Guarantee Corporation has abolished the allowances of unilateral transfer payments to the old section of the society. The labor unions were made almost powerless under the extreme rules and regulations of the government. Thus the U.S. economy was subjected to high income inequality during this era. The table given below depicts the level of income inequality in U.S. from the years 1967 to

The Business Environment Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Business Environment Assignment - Essay Example There is tremendous increase in the sales of fast food bars as compared to restaurants revealed by recent surveys. People are still very much interested in fast food. (Mintel Report-March 2004) Barry's Burger Bar (BBB) is a business in a busy university town in England. BBB operates in a very competitive environment. The market structure within which BBB operates dictates the pricing policies, advertising strategy and profitability potential. Barry has been considering changing his prices in order to increase his sales (total revenue). In this assignment we would determine the Business Strategy for BBB as consultants. Although Barry is quite free to make his own policies regarding marketing and pricing but he should have to consider the main factors that are influencing market. For this purpose he need to conduct a brief survey on his own or with the help of his associates to collect the data about his competitors and market forces. By collecting reliable data correct business strategy can be formulated. For this purpose analysis and scenarios Model can be employed (Lynch Richard Corporate Strategy 2003) Brief Analysis: BBB is situated in a busy area and its frequent customers are students and University staff. As it is understandable that purchasing power of students is comparatively low. As they have to finance their studies and their day to day expenses either with the support of parents or by doing low paid part time jobs. These conditions reduce the purchasing power of the students. So if Barry is planning increase the price then he may loose

Disrupted Occupations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Disrupted Occupations - Assignment Example Most elderly people are accustomed to the spatial orientation of buildings, corridors, and transport systems like outdoor pavements. Most elderly residents of nursing homes have limited mobility. In addition, the warmth of friendships and companionships of fellow residents within a nursing home give meaning to the lives of elderly clients under nursing care. Physical movements, social interactions, and mental composures of nursing home residents are defined within the realms of their built environment. Any attempt to re-design the built environment will significantly impact on the lives of accustomed nursing home residents. For example, renewing concrete pavements may make them slippery, thus endangering the physical health of residents. Re-painting social interaction halls will with distinct paints affect the aesthetic appearance and fragrance of a local interaction space. In addition, building a new room for each resident instead of allowing residents to share rooms will severely a ffect the psychological well-being of residents, specifically when they are separated from their roommates. Consequently, re-designing a nursing home will invariably necessitate a re-establishment of a sense of being for the affected residents. Residents will have to; find new friends, learn to accept new fragrances and appearances of painted spaces, and adjust their mobility in order to avoid slippage on the new pavements. Such re-orientation of one’s sense of place and being is of a particular interest in current occupational therapy research.

The development of the printing press Essay Example for Free

The development of the printing press Essay The Reformation started in 1517, when Martin Luther began his protests against indulgences and then against the Roman Catholic Church. It was a time of immense change within Europe. There were many causes that contributed towards the Reformation, such as, the printing press and the state of the Church and they are all of some significance. The first factor that contributed towards the Reformation was the development of the printing press. In the middle of the 15th century the printing press was invented and this had many effects. Access to knowledge had now been increased greatly. Books and pamphlets could now be printed and everyone could get their hands on this newly available information. Printing highlighted discrepancies and contradictions between what was really in the Bible and what the Church said was in the Bible. This led to more people coming away from the Church. There was also a decrease in censorship by the Church. The Church could no longer control knowledge and intellectual thought as they had once done before the development of the printing press, when the monks used to write all the books available, by hand and therefore, controlling what went into them. If it wasnt for the printing press, the new ideas which led to Reformation might never have got off the ground. Another contributing factor to the Reformation was the revival of classical texts. Ancient Greek and Roman texts were rediscovered and with them new ways of thinking. For example, the works of the Greek philosopher, Protagoras were recovered and in his works there was the idea that, man is the measure of all things, i.e. man is unlimited in potential. New ideas such as these led to Humanism- the study of arts, architecture, literature and language, which replaced the previous idea of Scholasticism. These new ideas led to people ideas and beliefs changing and this proved a great challenge to the Church. People were questioning the beliefs of the Church and if they were true or false. One of the biggest causes of the Reformation was perhaps the state of the Church. The medieval Church had many abuses; there were many ways in which  the Church had been diverted from its spiritual mission by its corruption of the world. There was simony, the raising of cash through the sale of posts in the Church hierarchy which led to pluralism- the holding of several offices and absenteeism- when clergymen acquired offices solely for their income rather than because they were going to undertake any of their duties. Powerful families could add Church offices to their other acquisitions. The Church was meant to be separate from the world through the rule of celibacy; however some priest went against this rule and wandered. A cardinal or bishop might have his courtesan (a high class prostitute) and an ordinary priest his concubine. Where a bishop got to know about a priest and his concubine, the routine was to exact a fine rather than to split them up. Criminals could claim benefit of clergy. Simple literacy was regarded as pretty good evidence, would be tried before a Church court and guaranteed a light penalty, even for so serious a crime as murder. Abuses such as these produced resentment amongst many of the laity, the mass of people without benefit of clergy. Church taxation provoked laymen more than anything else. The tithe, 10 percent of all produce, had to be paid over to support the Church and there were many other taxes as well, such as Peters pence, a tax on hearths paid to the Pope. The German people despised the fact that their money went to Rome and didnt do anything for them. Convents were shamefully lax and that was because they were useful as dumping grounds for the excess daughters of well-to-do families. Relics of saints, which pilgrims traveled to see and to touch and to pay for the privilege, were often frauds. The forearm of St Andrew might just be a pigs bone, sceptical travelers noted enough nails from the Cross to make a forest of crosses and enough of the Virgins milk to launch ships. Indulgences, which were sold by the Church as though they were passports from the torments of purgatory directly into the bliss of Paradise, had  become crude money-raising devices but that was possible because there was so much ready demand for them. This state of the Church led to dissatisfaction within the people and when books with new ideas were printed, people were ready to read and accept them. Rulers and kings helped the Reformation to come about as they failed to put the movement down. The Reformation would provide opportunities for princes, as they could take over churches in their own country and rule them themselves. There were increasing differences between the rulers and the Pope and they wanted to oppose the Pope and let the Reformation gather pace. If the princes hadnt have sat back and let the Reformation take place, it might not have taken place as they would have had enough power to prevent the ideas from spreading and gaining support. The printing press was a major factor towards the Reformation, however it wasnt the most important, other factors contributed and together they helped bring the Reformation about. The other causes were very significant too. The state of the Church had led to growing resentment towards the Church and it was only a matter of time before this led to a major revolt against the Church. The bringing about of new ideas and humanism, led to new ideas and it would have eventually changed thinking at the time. The printing press helped in the spreading of the new ideas and ways of thinking that came with the Reformation, but these new ideas might have come about without the printing press, just at a later time.

Depression Essay -- essays research papers

One of the scariest emotional experiences a person can ever suffer during their lifetime is to experience a form of depression. Over one in five Americans can expect to get some form of depression in their lifetime. Over one in twenty Americans have a depressive disorder every year. Depression is one of the most common and most serious mental health problems facing people today. However, depression is often not taken seriously because of the large use of antidepressant drugs and the large number of sufferers. Depression is a serious illness and should be taken as so. Contrary to the popular misconceptions about depression today, it is a serious and deadly disorder.1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Depression in its various forms (insomnia, fatigue, anxiety, stress, vague aches and pains, etc.) is the most common complaint heard in doctors’ offices. There are three primary forms of depression. Major depression, like the flu, has a beginning, middle, and an end. Major depression often lasts for months. Left untreated, it tends to reoccur. Each reoccurrence tends to last longer and is more debilitating than the one before. Chronic depression is a low grade, long-term depression that can go on for years. Some people have had it most of their lives. Long term, low-grade depression is also known as dysthymia. Dys, meaning disorder, and thymia meaning mood. Dysthmia is then a disorder of ones mood. The last type is manic depression. The lows of this depression can alter with days or weeks of maniaextreme feelings, unreasonable thoughts, and inappropriate, sometimes destructive behavior. The manic-depressive person fluctuates from one emotional pole to anoth er, often in rapid swings. 3   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many symptoms of depression. Symptoms can include persistent sad or â€Å"empty† mood, loss of interest or pleasure in ordinary activities, including sex, decreased energy, fatigue, being â€Å"slowed down†, Sleep disturbances such as insomnia, early morning wakes or oversleeping, eating disturbances such as loss of appetite and weight, or weight gain, difficulty concentrating, remembering or making decisions, feelings of guilt, worthlessness, helplessness, thoughts of death or suicide, suicide attempts, irritability, excessive crying, or chronic aches and pains that don’t respond to treatment. Many people who have clinical depression can feel down, sad, ... ...gloominess, pessimism, introversion, self-criticism, deep feelings of inadequacy, and excessive brooding and worrying. People who regularly behave in dependent, hostile, and impulsive ways appear at greater risk for depression. Psychologists also believe that stressful experiences can trigger depression in people who are predisposed to the illness. About 20 percent of women experience an episode of depression after having a baby; this is called postpartum depression. Also, people who experience child abuse appear to be more vulnerable to depression than others.1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Depression affects people all around the world and takes over many lives. It is a detectable disease. Most every case of depression is very personal, and usually has it’s own specifications and circumstance. By speaking with people who have depression in their families and being a sufferer of the disease myself, I’ve realized that it’s not the end of the world and there are ways to get help. Treatment for depression is relativity inexpensive but whatever the cost; it is more than made up for an increased productivity, efficiency, physical health, improved relationships, and enjoyment of life.

Impact of Technology in Australians Lives Essay -- Technology

From invitro fertilisation to autopsy, people’s lives in Australia are potentially subject to scrutiny. The extent to which details of a particular individual’s existence are on show depends not just on the person’s own decisions but also on the decisions of related others, private firms and the state as well as inadvertent access by technology. This essay examines several points in people’s lives where they are most likely to encounter the public gaze, either now or into the future. Specifically, these junctures are the Census, The 100 point ID system and the lens of telepanoramic digital photography. Every five years, the Census provides a snapshot of Australian households. The data collected forms the basis of public planning. (How to complete your Census form 2006, p.2) On the night of August the 8th 2006, Australian households undertook the latest census. The form could be completed in either hard copy or online. Of particular interest was Question 60, Time capsule, which invited households to have a copy of their responses to the Census identified by their names in microfilm format for future reference. This information will be held in secure storage by the National Archives of Australia for 99 years when it will be made available to ‘genealogists †¦, historians, academics, social analysts, journalists, and fiction and non-fiction writers’. This option was first made available at the previous Census held in 2001 (How to complete your Census form 2006, p.17). This opportunity was welcomed by genealogists, who have long envied their British counterparts historic and full access to census data from 1841 onwards. Indeed, the 1901 census has recently been made available (Census Online 2006). In the Australian case however, t... ...to complete your census form 2006 Australian Bureau of Statistics, Canberra. The metroguide: a guide to Adelaide’s public transport system n.d. Adelaide Metro, Adelaide. Murray, E 2006 ‘Jail for â€Å"greedy† con woman’, The Age, September 22. Viewed 19th of October 2006 Norris, M 2006 ‘I caught our most-wanted con woman’, Woman’s Day, October 2006, pp.34-35. Privacy on the Internet: Effect on genealogy n.d. Viewed 12 October 2006 Tadros, E & Petrie, A 2006 ‘Moment of truth in the many lives of Jodie’, The Sydney Morning Herald, July 7. Viewed 19th of October 2006 Whittaker, N 1998 Controlling your credit cards, Simon & Schuster, East Roseville.

Emergent Properties Essay

Emergent Properties Emergent properties are properties that come about when smaller components combine together to form a large unit that works together for a common purpose. The idea of emergent properties is based on the fact that the whole combined unit is more efficient than the sum of all of the units. These properties cannot be seen when the organisms are separated from one another, the organisms must be together for the properties to take effect. Emergent properties have come about for the fact that when combined, these organisms can perform much more complex and advanced tasks that the organisms would not be able to complete on their own. In nature we see many emergent properties arise from evolution. When birds branched off from reptiles during their evolution, they developed feathers instead of scales. These feathers do not enable flight on their own, however when combined to form a wing they become much more efficient. When these two wings come together to form a pair of wings the result is an extremely efficient form of transportation that is not only light but also water resistant. Another example of emergent properties would be evident in our brain. Which each brain cell does not possess much computing power, however when billions of them are combined together, the result is a very efficient computing unit that can provide us with such things as thoughts emotions and character. Each brain cell alone would not be able to do these things. Emergent properties exist all around us and we even display some of these properties. One example of emergent properties would be the collaboration of many human beings. Separated, our minds are powerful, but nearly limited. Once combined we can collaborate with each other and perform many tasks efficiently, such as running a county, for example. It is not a coincidence that dictatorships are notoriously unsuccessful. There are also many emergent properties that exist beyond living things. For example when you have a hurricane, essentially all you have is air and water at various different temperatures. The randomness of this collection of air produces a large air mass that has a specific circular motion which is very powerful and devastating to anything that comes into contact with it. The air itself and the water vapor would not be able to cause this force on their own. It is the random order that makes this hurricane so powerful and hard to predict. Another example of emergence away from biology is currency. Currency or money came about as people wanted to trade with one another, but had no medium to do so. Alone, a single person would not need money. It is only useful and evident as many people come together to form a group. Without this group the money would have no value because it’s value is determined by people who are willing to trade with it. In conclusion emergence is evident throughout nature and even past it. It is the way  complex systems  and patterns arise out of a  multiplicity  of relatively simple interactions. Emergence is central to the understanding of communities and ecosystems where it be in living organisms or beyond biology.

Guideline on How to Write a Autobiography

Guideline on How to Write a Autobiography How to Write an Autobiography for School You might think that if you are not a prominent figure, then there is no reason for you to write an autobiography. Nonetheless, it is an erroneous standpoint. Everyone has something unique about themselves and with some practical hints and valuable pieces of advice, you will surely write a gripping autobiographical essay. What Is an Autobiographical Essay? In the case of an autobiographical essay, you should understand that it is the story of your life. It can be one of the requirements for an application for college, university or just one of the college assignments. Despite your reason to write it, the general format will apply to all cases. Although you write a story about your life, it does not mean that there are no requirements. An autobiographical essay should, first and foremost, have a good structure, contain no grammatical mistakes, and be interesting to read. How to Write an Autobiography Essay Introductory Part? Similarly to other academic essays, an autobiography has a basic structure that contains the introductory part, body part, and conclusions. The introductory part is one of the most significant parts since it is where one gains the first impression of you. A banal starting paragraph can have a detrimental effect on the rest of your essay. That is to say, it forms the readers attitude to everything you put further in your autobiography. In your starting paragraph, you can give some background information about yourself: your name, age, place of birth, etc. One of the most striking ways to start your autobiography is to dive into a life-changing event from your life. Then, you can build a story about yourself around this spine by breaking it down into life before and after. Your story should be interesting and gripping so that readers read the whole essay in one breath. Steer clear of such trite introductory sentences as Once upon a time, I was born in 2000. When writing your introducti on, try to think outside the box. What Is the Most Advantageous Autobiography Essay Format? When writing an autobiography, you can choose among a variety of autobiography essay formats. In the case of a traditional format, you tell your story from birth to the day. There is also a memoir. In this kind of an autobiography, you dwell on a particular part of your life. Personal narratives or essays are similar to memoirs, but they provide more details. The author takes a particular moment of his/her life and expands the experience of that moment as much as possible by providing dialogues and detailed descriptions. The autobiography can be also told in vignettes, graphic novels, dramas, and scripts but these formats are less typical among college students. To avoid misunderstanding, you need to discuss your autobiography requirements with your professor and ask them about the format you should stick to. Knowing your format, you can then find specific requirements for the format on the Internet. Autobiography Essay Outline If you are still unsure whether to write an outline or not, our recommendation is to write it. Your outline serves as a general description of your whole paper where you can provide information about your topic, headlines for paragraphs and their summaries, and conclusions. The whole writing process in the case of an autobiography writing essay can get quite chaotic because you are overflowed with thoughts, ideas, and information about your life which you would like to share. If you neglect the outline, you run the risk of writing a poorly structured and primitive essay. Tips for Writing an Autobiographical Essay Along with the primary requirements you need to stick to if you want to craft a brilliant essay, you also need to pay heed to other details which are also crucial for your writing. In order to write a well-structured essay, you can undertake the following steps: Plan your essay. Reflect on the moments in your life which can be interesting for the reader or from which you derived instructive lessons that are worth mentioning. Summarize your ideas in the outline. Establish the purpose of your writing. Are there some learning points you would like your readers to derive from your story? Does your story have a specific purpose or moral you would like to put across? Consider the audience. Depending on your target audience, your style can vary. Try to figure out what your readers wish to hear. Draft an essay. As a rule, students create a few versions to see which one is better and then enhance the one they like most. Refine the essay. Even if your essay is written impeccably, there is always room for improvement. Go through it multiple times, cut the redundant information and add new, gripping details, if possible. Be yourself! Readers adore authenticity. Dont be afraid to speak out and share significant life events. Your readers will appreciate your sincerity. Crafting an autobiographical essay may seem mind-blowing and challenging, but if you make use of our pieces of advice and will try to take the most from your writing process, you are bound to succeed in your autobiography writing. Opt for an interesting and powerful autobiographical essay topic and do your utmost to produce a top-tier autobiographical essay! Remember that you are unique in your own way, and your life story is splendiferous with all its twists and turns. Be candid, be honest, and try to express yourself in a creative way. Are you still hesitant whether you will cope with this sort of assignment and want to have a look at a professionally written autobiography essay? Our experts are here to help you! Mind that for such an assignment, you need to provide sufficient details about the part of your life you want to tell about. In doing so, you will have an impeccably written essay at your disposal.

Comparing Two Film Trailers Essays

Comparing Two Film Trailers Essays Comparing Two Film Trailers Essay Comparing Two Film Trailers Essay Harry Potter and the philosophers stone and Spenserian 2 Film trailers are a synopsis of an up and coming movie, they represent and highlight key parts of a film to grasp the audiences attention and entice them into viewing the movie. They are commonly seen on television during adverts and at any cinema. In order to analyses a film trailer successfully you have to focus on elements such as dramatic effects, suitability, target audience, music and lighting etc I have selected Harry Potter and The Philosophers Stone (American version) and Spenserian 2. Both films are very different and both have various differences and similarities in attracting and grasping the attention of their target audiences. The two trailers are films adapted from previous childrens books. Spenserian 2 is an action packed movie which Is a sequel to Spenserian. A young man called Peter Parker continues to struggle handling his heroic powers/Dulles and maintain a life of normality. Harry Potter is the first in a series of films based on a young boy who begins his journey as a wizard at Hogwashs School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. His Journey soon starts to enfold the challenging issues he is forced to deal with. Both films are different genres and therefore will have different target audiences, after all mystic and magic doesnt mix well with heroic action thriller does it? Text, color, camera, lighting and sound are five main categories I will use to analyses my comparisons. Camera angles work as a central Ingredient to any film; their effects supply the audience with a sense of adventure and emotion. The camera is forever working as a pair of eyes, they guide you on where to look and focus throughout the film. Harry Potters trailer began with a long shot of mystical castle hat the story is based around. As the camera zooms over certain scenes it creates the Illusion of flying, low and subjective shots are also used to put you in the characters position. For example when the cat In Harry Potter turns Into Professor Monoclonal, this transformation takes place through the cats eyes. The pace and tempo in this trailer is very relaxed and has a continuous rhythm which allows the audience to relate with the mystical characteristics In the film. Alternatively Spenserian gs trailer displays different effect through camera angles. The camera whizzes around New York City and in and out scenes from the movie. The pace is quick and sharp to create an Intense and exciting effect on the audience. The camera angles expose the right amount of graphics used In the action scenes to keep the viewers wanting more. The trailer uses a wide variety of shots from indirect to high angle; however the actual trailer opens with a medium shot to show a conversation between two characters. The use of color in both trailers is bold and very much reflective of what each film symbolisms e. G. Magic. In Spenserian 2 there are two main colors, blue and red. These colors are famously associated with Spenserian and are the colors of his super Nero costume. Area Ana Dull are very strong, peep Ana striking colors, teeny grasp the audiences eye. Lighting throughout Spenserian 2 contrasts to match his contrasting lifestyle. When he is Peter it is reasonably light, but when he is Spenserian it is much darker. This reflects the fact his identity is a secret to the rest of the world. On the other hand Harry Potters trailer has very bright colors such as greens and blues to symbolism and create this magical world.

Free Essays on Sleep Deprivation

Causes and Effects of Sleep Deprivation Everyday we go about our day trying to complete each of our tasks. We wear ourselves out and lose something that we did not know we lost until the next morning. Sleep deprivation does not make your life any easier, and many of the effects, affect not only you but others around you. It causes a lot of unneeded problems that you and I do not like to deal with. People do not respect sleeping enough to not abuse it. If you are an athlete sleep is one of your best friends. If you do not get enough sleep it is a contributing factor to having failure in your sport. You become weak and do not have the energy that you would normally have from a good nights sleep. It can also lead to injuries because not just are you tired, but your body is struggling right along with you to keep up. Sleep deprivation can be dangerous when you are operating heavy machinery or driving. Just like when you consume alcohol and become intoxicated your body and mind wear down. You get cozy and start to feel better. Keeping your eyes open is the last thing that you want to do. When this happens for instance, while you are driving you can cause harm to yourself, or people around you. Sleep deprivation causes many deaths on the road each year because too many people fall asleep at the wheel. When you are operating heavy machinery, there is a high risk of hurting yourself. If you are dosing in and out you might fall onto a saw or slip your hand into some gears, causing yourself excruciating pain and a trip to the emergency room. On Certain days, people are in a superior mood and on other days you wish that you had never met the person. That is because they are not getting enough sleep. When your mind and body are worn out you do not care or have respect for anybody or anything. You take any of the angers or frustrations that you have out on an unexpected friend or family member. That in return can earn you a beating by people t... Free Essays on Sleep Deprivation Free Essays on Sleep Deprivation Without enough sleep, I am completely worthless. I am unable to function. The same is true with most of my friends. If the Board of Education were to start school even a half an hour earlier, they are most nearly saying that they don’t care about students’ performances. Most people think, that after someone has hit puberty, he/she will need less sleep than before they hit puberty, as most people think. Mary A. Carskadon says that most teenagers prefer to stay up late at night and sleep later in the morning. You might call this laziness, but Carskadon says it’s not a matter of choice, it’s a biological change their body is going through. She calls this a †delayed phase preference†. The transition from middle school to high school is already difficult for teenagers because high school starts up to one hour earlier. And if the Board of Education decided to start school even earlier, this could dramatically reduce students’ performance. Carskadon did a study with 15 students who just made the transition from middle school to high school. Middle school started at 8:25 a.m. High school students had to be at school at 7:20. The average time it took for the students to fall asleep went from 9.5 minutes to 8.4 minutes. One st udent fell asleep in 1.8 minutes. One student even went right into REM sleep, usually the last stage of sleep. Someone who falls into REM sleep that easily is sleep deprived. Sleep deprivation directly affects students’ performance. Students who were earning A’s in school were getting up to 35 to 45 more minutes of sleep per night. During the weekend, students don’t have to get up for school. The students earning D’s/F’s were sleeping longer than the students earning A’s. This shows that the students earning D’s/F’s are more sleep deprived. Now that you have seen the statistics and heard the facts I would like you to reconsider your proposition of opening school one hour earlier. Sleep is... Free Essays on Sleep Deprivation Students need sleep in order to focus and learn to the best of their abilities. But sadly many students are sleep deprived. These students don’t receive the necessary 8  ½ to 9 hours of sleep to function at their peak (Simurda, 2001). One way for students to get the necessary amount of sleep is for them to have good sleeping habits. Many teenagers don’t know the right time to go to bed. They tend to stay up longer than recommended either watching TV, doing homework or some other activity (Simurda 2001). This causes them to get insufficient periods of sleep. A way to counteract these negative sleeping habits is to have students learn about good sleeping habits when they are young. Students who have been educated when they were younger about sleep deprivation, and have learned to have good sleeping habits will be better prepared when they older to get the necessary amount of sleep. In order to test this hypothesis research should be done extensively. The best research method that can be used to test the hypothesis is a longitudinal study. A longitudinal study is a good research method to use because it creates an in-depth observation that can give great detail in the progression of a student from a younger age to an older. Other research methods would not be able reproduce the long period of time that is needed to test the hypothesis. By doing a longitudinal study great detailed information will be found for a long period of time. The independent variable in this study is the learning program that will teach young children proper sleeping habits. The dependent variable is the children’s response to the program, and how it will affect their sleeping habits in the future. From a longitudinal study standpoint the researcher should be able to observe whether teaching the students good sleeping habits when they are young translates in them having good sleeping habits when they are older. The researcher will observe how... Free Essays on Sleep Deprivation Causes and Effects of Sleep Deprivation Everyday we go about our day trying to complete each of our tasks. We wear ourselves out and lose something that we did not know we lost until the next morning. Sleep deprivation does not make your life any easier, and many of the effects, affect not only you but others around you. It causes a lot of unneeded problems that you and I do not like to deal with. People do not respect sleeping enough to not abuse it. If you are an athlete sleep is one of your best friends. If you do not get enough sleep it is a contributing factor to having failure in your sport. You become weak and do not have the energy that you would normally have from a good nights sleep. It can also lead to injuries because not just are you tired, but your body is struggling right along with you to keep up. Sleep deprivation can be dangerous when you are operating heavy machinery or driving. Just like when you consume alcohol and become intoxicated your body and mind wear down. You get cozy and start to feel better. Keeping your eyes open is the last thing that you want to do. When this happens for instance, while you are driving you can cause harm to yourself, or people around you. Sleep deprivation causes many deaths on the road each year because too many people fall asleep at the wheel. When you are operating heavy machinery, there is a high risk of hurting yourself. If you are dosing in and out you might fall onto a saw or slip your hand into some gears, causing yourself excruciating pain and a trip to the emergency room. On Certain days, people are in a superior mood and on other days you wish that you had never met the person. That is because they are not getting enough sleep. When your mind and body are worn out you do not care or have respect for anybody or anything. You take any of the angers or frustrations that you have out on an unexpected friend or family member. That in return can earn you a beating by people t...