Frankenstein-Maslow - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1515 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Frankenstein Essay Did you like this example? In the novel, Frankenstein or the Modern Day Prometheus by Mary Shelley, she describes a series of psychological events, these events match the order of the Maslow Hierarchy of Needs. Maslows Hierarchy of Needs shows the order or progression of human needs. Abraham Maslow proposed that healthy human beings have a certain number of needs, and that these needs are arranged in a certain order, with some needs (such as physiological and safety needs) being more basic and important at first than others (such as social needs). Maslows hierarchy of needs is often presented as a five-level pyramid, with higher needs coming into focus only once the lower, more basic needs are met. Shelley shows us each of the different parts that make up the hierarchy as well as the problems/consequences that may arise if one need is unable to be attained and/or maintained. This essay will compare the Maslow Hierarchy with the psychological/mental growth of the creature. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Frankenstein-Maslow" essay for you Create order Abraham Maslow categorized the needs as deficiency needs and growth needs. Maslow called the bottom four levels of the pyramid deficiency needs because a person does not feel anything if they are met, but becomes anxious if they are not. Physiological needs such as eating, drinking, and sleeping are deficiency needs, as are safety needs, social needs such as friendship, and ego needs such as self-esteem and recognition. In contrast, Maslow called the fifth level of the pyramid a growth need because it enables a person to ?self-actualize or reach their fullest potential as a human being. Once a person has met their deficiency needs they can turn their attention to self-actualization. Maslow claimed that without being able to meet all four deficiency needs, they would not be able to progress into the growth needs. In Frankenstein, the protagonist, Viktor Frankenstein, creates an ugly human-like creature in a bizarre science experiment. Viktor is frightened by his hideous creation and leaves the creature to survive on his own. Mary Shelley shows us the psychological development of the creature and how certain events and interactions affect the creature. Once the creature becomes aware of himself, the physiological needs of food and water become apparent. I felt tormented by hunger and thirst. This roused me from my nearly dormant state, and I ate some berries which I found hanging on the trees or lying on the ground. I slaked my thirst at the brook; and then lying down, was overcome by sleep (Shelley, 105). The creatures first need was hunger and thirst, just like how in Maslows hierarchy the first need is food and water. Before the creature worries about possible danger or about other people, the creature realizes that he must find something to sustain itself. With the first need met, the creature can focus on the next need. According to Maslow, the second need is security, so now that the first need was met the creature is able to explore and search for shelter. At length I perceived a small hut finding the door open I entered. An old man sat in it and perceiving me, shrieked loudly, and quitting the hut, ran across the fields but I was enchanted by the appearance of the hut: here the snow and rain could not penetrate (Shelley, 108). The creature found his second need, security/safety. Even though the man was scared off, the creature did not care; he proceeded to eat the food found there and fall asleep. Maslow states that in order to get to the next step or next need, the previous must be achieved first before continuing. The creature had not yet achieved safety and shelter, so the third need of love and belongingness was not a concern for the creature yet. The creature was only focused on attaining the current need which was shelter. This accounts for the reason why the creature was not bothered by the interaction with the man. There is a long period of time before the creature achieves these two fundamental needs. However, he acknowledges his need for human affection. He realizes how important it is to him and that he cannot fail in attaining it. While living in a small shed outside of a familys home, he says, I asked, it is true, for greater treasures that a little food or rest: I required kindness and sympathy (Shelley, 134). Maslows Hierarchy of Needs matches with the growth of the creature. Now that he has both food and safety he can now focus on the psychological need to be loved; to receive kindness and sympathy. However, the creature was a stranger to any sort of affection, except for the single blind old man he befriended at one point, he had no family or friends. The creature begins to start having these thoughts and feelings when he views the family in the cottage next to his own refuge. He tries to explain the feelings,I felt sensations of a peculiar and overpowering nature: they were a mixture of pain and pleasure, such as I had never before experienced, either from hunger or cold, warmth or good; and I withdrew from the window unable to bear these emotions (Shelley 100). The monster has begun to feel the need for love, affection and belongingness†a stage he will never move past. This is devastating to his development and to his psyche as he can only achieve the most basic needs, while still understanding he should have more in his life. It is this deficiency that leads to the monsters demoralization. Society failed to provide the monster with any sense of affection or belonging, the monster learned only to hate. The monster pleas, Shall I not then hate them who abhor me? I will keep no terms with my enemies. I am miserable, and they shall share my wretchedness (Shelley 94). The effects of never achieving love, affection and belongingness ruin the monsters esteem. The monster explains despairingly, I was, besides, endued with a figure hideously deformed and loathsome; I was not even of the same nature as man . . . . I cannot describe to you the agony that these reflections inflicted upon me: I tried to dispel them, but sorrow only increased with knowledge (Shelley 109). The monster hoped his compassionate personality would make up for his deformity, but none gave him the chance. While there are many times the monster is rejected in Frankenstein, the stressor that leads to the beginning of his wretchedness is the rejection by the family he had come to love so much. The monster had plans to confront the blind father in hopes of being loved for his benevolence rather than hated for his visage. The monster admits, I required kindness and sympathy; but I did not believe myself utterly unworthy of it (Shelley 118). The monster finally works up the courage to carry out his plan; it is foiled, however, when the children come home and the monster is beaten by the son for whom he so cared. The final stressor that leads the monster to kill is the rejection by man even after he saves ones loved one. When the monster comes across a young girl drowning, he saves her and attempts to revive her. But the man responsible for her beholds the scene and, assuming the worst, fires his weapon at the monster. The monster responds with rage, The feelings of kindness and gentleness, which I had entertained but a few moments before, gave place to hellish rage and gnashing teeth. Inflamed by pain, I vowed eternal hatred and vengeance to all mankind (Shelley 125-126). Still, though, the monster attempted once more to make friendly with man and he approached a little boy. The boy insults the monster repeatedly and it is only after discovering the boys relation to Frankenstein that the monster becomes murderous. After he kills the boy he describes the feeling, I gazed on my victim, and my heart swelled with exultation and hellish triumph: clapping my hands, I exclaimed, ?I, too, can create desolation (Shelley 127). He can create desolation because he has been taught nothing else†not by his creator, and especially not by society as a whole. The only thing the monster asked of his creator was for a companion in his isolation from mankind. Frankenstein agrees but soon goes back on his word leaving the monster once again devastated. Frankenstein narrates, The wretch saw me destroy the creature whose future existence he depended for happiness, and, with a howl of devilish despair and revenge, withdrew (Shelley 145). From this point, the monster goes on a killing spree, determined to devastate Frankenstein. The two are in a power struggle fueled by misery and grief. In the end, Frankensteins health declines and he dies. It is then that the monster explains his deep regret for his actions and his mere existence, No sympathy may I ever find. When I first sought it, it was the love of virtue, the feelings of happiness and affection . . . that I wished to be participated. . . . that happiness and affection are turned into bitter and loathing despair. . . . I am content to suffer alone (Shelley 187).

Why Privacy Matters - 2748 Words

Why Privacy Matters: Debunking the Nothing-to-Hide Argument In today’s society, the word â€Å"privacy† has become ubiquitous. We see it every day; on HIPAA forms, social networking sites, online transactions, et cetera. In his essay, â€Å"Why Privacy Matters Even if You Have ‘Nothing to Hide’†, published in May of 2011, Professor Daniel J. Solove argues that the issue of privacy affects more than just individuals hiding a wrong. Solove jumps right into his dissection of the â€Å"I’ve got nothing to hide† argument, which is so often mentioned in discussions regarding the government’s gathering and analysis of our personal information. He explains how this argument stems from an inadequate definition of what privacy is and the value that privacy†¦show more content†¦All one has to do is look hard enough to find what it is.† (para. 6) These quotations enable Solove to identify with the audience and speak to his credibility and trustworthiness. Solove further establishes his ethos through demonstrating his scholarly credit and portraying his expertise into the historical and international discourses regarding privacy concerns. In an effort to expand the audience to include international communities, Solove explains how privacy concerns are not just associated with the American government, but are an international topic of debate. He describes how the British government installed millions of cameras throughout cities in Britain and then declared, â€Å"if you’ve got nothing to hide, you’ve got nothing to fear.† (para. 3) In addition to appealing to a broader audience, Solove successfully portrays his scholarly credit with the historical discourse of privacy by citing historical works of literature; such as, Nineteen Eighty-Four, written by George Orwell, and The Trial, written by Franz Kafka. By acknowledging these historically famous books concerning the issues of government surveillance and data collecting, it is established that the discussion of privacy rights has previously been a topic of debate. This informs the audience that the rhetorical discourse regarding privacy rights isShow MoreRelatedWhy Privacy Matters So If You Have Nothing?935 Words   |  4 PagesIn support of privacy, Daniel J. Solove wrote, Why Privacy Matters Even If You Have ‘Nothing to Hide.’ Solove begins his argument by introducing the nothing-to-hide argument. In general, the argument for surveillance is ‘if you’ve got nothing to hide, you’ve got nothing to fear:’ hence people’s support for government efforts and regulations to ‘protect’ citizens by decreasing privacy. Those who object this argument target its most extreme cases. For example, if you have nothing to hide, could I takeRead MoreWhy Privacy Matters So If You Have Nothing?1291 Words   |  6 PagesPrivacy Matters Imagine someone living in a country that turns surveillance equipment on its own citizens to monitor their locations, behavior, and phone calls. Probably no one is willing to live in such place where privacy is being undermined by the authorities. For people living in the U.S., their private information has been more vulnerable than ever before because the government is able to use various kinds of surveillance equipment and technology to monitor and analyze their activities, conversationsRead MoreFinding Clarity In The Obscurity Of â€Å"Why Privacy Matters†.1283 Words   |  6 PagesFinding clarity in the obscurity of â€Å"Why Privacy Matters† In his essay â€Å"Why Privacy Matters† from The Wilson Quarterly, Jeffrey Rosen offers a compelling account of the harmful effects of eradicating our privacy. Rosen ventures into several different fields affected by the ever-growing intrusion of our privacy, offering a rich compendium of illustrations from the real world. From Monica Lewinsky’s fate under her investigation, to a Charles Schwab employee, Rosen offers a prolific arsenal of incidentsRead MoreFourth Amendment Protections And Denials1299 Words   |  6 PagesDenials Privacy is very important to some citizens, especially privacy in regards to personal and family matters. No one wants someone following and observing their every move, they also do not always enjoy the outside input of people who do not know their whole situations. The Fourth Amendment in the Constitution â€Å"protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government† (What Does the Fourth Amendment Mean?). This has provided citizens with a way to protect their privacy and prohibitsRead MoreLack Of Privacy On The Internet1404 Words   |  6 PagesThere seems to be no legal issue today that cuts so wide a swath through conflicts confronting American society like privacy. From AIDS tests to wiretaps, polygraph tests to computerized data bases, the common denominator has been whether the right to privacy outweighs other concerns of society. And with more and more people using the Internet, more and more information being passed over the Internet, more proble ms arise. The Internet has been an advantage in technology that has greatly increasedRead MoreThe Right Of Privacy And Privacy1554 Words   |  7 PagesDo you believe the Board of Education violated her right to privacy? Were they justified in firing her? Explain two to three (2-3) major reasons why or why not. The right to privacy is a right that gives people the ability to control all the things that are a part of us. These include one’s identity, our body, thoughts, feelings, secrets, homes and property. The right to privacy gives people the ability to choose what can be accessed by others, while controlling the extent, timing and the use ofRead MorePrivacy Violations Within Our Gadgets689 Words   |  3 Pagesprivate property we trusted in our gadgets. While it is understandable that tracking is needed to ensure safety, public should not be the new privacy. Privacy, the state of being free from public attention. Public, open or shared to all people. Two distinct meanings joined together by a violation of a single right – the right of privacy. Based on the book Privacy by Garett Keizer, Verizon receives 90,000 demands for information from law enforcements agencies every year, and National Security AgencyRead MorePatients Rights And Rights1192 Words   |  5 Pages3 Defining Patients’ Rights 4 Accessing PHI – A Patients’ Rights 5 Exceptions to Access – A Patients’ Right 6 Amend PHI - A Patient’s Right 7 Patients Privacy Importance 8 Conclusion 8 Introduction – Patients’ Rights in H.I.M As a patient, you have rights. The right to ask questions, the right for your privacy, the list goes on. Commonly, most patients do not become aware of certain rights they have until they are put into a specific situation. This is usually when he orRead More Online Privacy at What Cost Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesOnline Privacy at What Cost When the constitution was written over two hundred years ago, our founding fathers probably did not have the Internet in mind. Since then, United States citizen along with their elected officials have tried to keep the rights of each American sacred, no matter what the cost. The major right that has been fought over since the dawn of the USA, has been that of the freedom of speech. Now, with the beginning of the twenty-first century, a new freedom of speech is againRead MoreThe Differences Between Phone Records And The 1970 And Smartphones, Privacy And How Courts Affect The Technology874 Words   |  4 PagesThese records are often used by law enforcers to investigate crimes by gathering information from phone records. Since 1970 many things has changed. This paper examines the technological differences between phone records in the 1970 and smartphones, privacy and how courts affect the technology. In past law enforcers could pull phone information without probable cause which means telecommunications industry used to be more cooperative with law enforcement. But now there have been many changes. Knutson

Autism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd ) - 885 Words

BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a condition that affects a group of complex disorders of brain development. Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social interactions, social communication and an unusually restricted range of behaviors and interest (David R. Simmons, 2009). It seems that autism is a new condition because most of research about this condition has occurred since the 1980. However, Autism has been around for a much longer time than that, people just didn’t know about it. One of the first documented reference about autism was made by Jean-Marc-Gaspard Itard. He was a French Physician that start his studies about autism with a little boy called Victor. This boy presented a number of signs of autism and has lived his whole childhood alone in France in 1797. (Mcguinness) Jean- Marc-Gaspard Itard treated him with a behavioral program designed to aid him form social attachments and to induce speech via imitation. In 1908, the word of autism was created by Paul Eugen Bleuler. He was a Swiss psychiatrist that focuses his studies on symptoms of schizophrenia. The word autism comes from the Greek word autos meaning â€Å"self†. He believed that autism was â€Å"the childhood of schizophrenia† (Jerome Blake H Eugene Hoyme, 2013). In 1944, Hans Asperger submitted his thesis about autism. The name of his thesis is â€Å"Autistic psychopathy in childhood† and it was about four kids with a pattern of actions he named â€Å"autistic psychopathy†.Show MoreRelatedAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1722 Words   |  7 Pagesin every sixty-eight births are diagnosed with the Autism spectrum disorder in other words (ASD), which is about one percent of the world’s population. And that more than three point five million people in America live with a person who has the Autism spectrum disorder. We all know that Autism is a spectrum disorder in which an abnormality is developed in the brain. 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The intellectual functioning ofRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1569 Words   |  7 Pagesdiagnoses for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) occur has seen a dramatic growth in numbers. With diagnoses for ASD increasing, more siblings are also being found to have grown up with a sister or brother with autism spectrum disorder. Previous studies have shown no consensus on whether or not siblings of persons with ASD are at risk for negative effects. However, patterns of anxiety among these siblings are being examined to see if characteristics of a child with autism spectrum disorder and their parentsRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1369 Words   |  6 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Introduction I don t think people understand how unique children with Autism are or the demands of caring for a child with Autism is. In order to grasp the effect of this disability has on a child or their family it is important to understand the characteristics of a child living with Autism. So for you to understand I will be talking about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or Autism in a childs life. I will be talking about what autism is, the history and descriptionRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1587 Words   |  7 Pages Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder  (ASD) Purpose: My audience will learn the importance of recognizing early signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder in children. Thesis: It is important to understand the early signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder, and why early intervention is the best treatment. Introduction: Gain/maintain attention There is a television show I like to watch called â€Å"The Big Bang Theory, maybe some of you have seen it. 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The Legacy Of John Adams - 1474 Words

John Adams was many things in his long and illustrious career. He was a lawyer, diplomat, farmer, Vice President and President. He is most well-known for being the second president. He did some good things and some bad things. Although the four years of John Adams’ presidency were quiet and somewhat forgotten, his successes in foreign policy and his control no doubt outweighed his failures in the Sedition Act and with his cabinet, in part to his background and characteristics. John Adam’s greatest presidential accomplishment or success was his dealings with France in 1798. This incident is better known as the infamous â€Å"Quasi-War†. The Quasi War was a dispute between the United States and France mainly fought over sea with each countries navies. It started with the United States refusing to continue to repay the money that was owed to from a loan from France to help them in war. The United States refused to pay because the money owed to the previous government, as similar to the US. France had, had its own revolutionary wars and overthrew the old monarchy ending in 1799. Since France had a new government, the United States felt no need to pay off old debt to the French First Republic. Now the French were not happy about this, so they started to attack American trade ships, which is called impressment. This was a way to help aid in their war with Britain. With the France navy oppressed so many of the US’s trade ships, this could hav e easily led to open war between to the twoShow MoreRelatedThe Legacy Of John Adams1444 Words   |  6 PagesParagraph 1: John Adams was born on October 30, 1735 and died July 4, 1826. He was an early advocate of American independence from Great Britain, a major figure in the Continental Congress author of the Massachusetts constitution, signer of the Treaty of Paris, first American ambassador to the Court of St. James, first vice president, and second president of the United States. Although Adams was looked as one of the most significant statesmen of the revolutionary era, his reputation faded in theRead MoreThe Legacy Of John Adams Essay813 Words   |  4 PagesThe Legacy of John Adams In the early history of the United States, many founding fathers and people before them helped shape the underpinning for our nation’s liberty. Of the founding fathers and persons who were essential in the naissance of the great nation known today as the United States of America, John Adams is undoubtedly one of the most vital of them all. John Adams by David McCullough did not only do Adams’ life story justice, it also painted the man and his works so vividly in everyRead MoreSamuel Adams : Leader Attributes And Competencies1561 Words   |  7 Pagescompetencies he or she display’s but also the legacy they leave behind. To lead effectively is to make a difference and can range from the personal level up to differences on a global scale. The United States Army defines leadership as â€Å"The process of influencing people by providing purpose, direction, and motivation to accomplish the mission and improve the organization† (Department of the Army, 2012, p . Glossary-1). Although not a military man, Samuel Adams embodied the US Army definition of a leaderRead MoreThe Lasting Legacy of Thomas Jefferson948 Words   |  4 Pagesthomas Jefferson The Lasting Legacy of Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson is one of the most influential presidents of the United States. Along with his successes and failures he proved to be a great president by leaving his legacy’s behind. A legacy is something someone has had handed down or left for future generations. Thomas Jefferson is one of the most influential people that left their legacies behind because his presidency commenced the quarter century rule of the Virginia Dynasty. He wasRead MoreThe Contributions Of The Jacksonian Era1217 Words   |  5 Pages Andrew Jackson was president for only two terms, but he left behind a legacy that lasted for many years. His legacy lasted so long they named an Era after him, the Jacksonian Era. Andrew Jackson was unlike the presidents before him, and he was considered the first modern president. I agree that the Jacksonian Era was a pivotal period in American History when the role of the Federal Government and the President were redefined. 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Ellis1377 Words   |  6 PagesEllis describes the many ongoing motives for the Hamilton-Burr duel, the political ideas and compromises on handling the new nation’s economy, the controversy on the issue of slavery, George Washington’s Farewell Address and his legacy, the collaboration between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, their political rivalry, and finally their reconciled friendship. The most famous duel in the history of the United States is highlighted and explored in the first chapter of Ellis’ Founding Brothers. EllisRead MoreAbigail Adams Essays705 Words   |  3 PagesAbigail Adams Abigail Adams was and still is a hero and idle for many women in the United States. As the wife of John Adams, Abigail used her position to bring forth her own strong federalist and strong feminist views. Mrs. Adams was one of the earliest feminists and will always influence todays women. Abigail Adams was born Abigail Smith in 1744 at Weymouth, Massachusetts. She was a descendent of the Qunicys, a very prestigious family in the colonies, on her mothers side. On her fathersRead MoreThe Pivotal Political Decisions On The Young American Republic Of The Late 18th Century1515 Words   |  7 Pageswishing to examine how their relationships resonated through political changes. As an ardent historian, Joseph Ellis has written numerous books on the topic of American history. Some of his most famous include: Passionate Sage: The Character and Legacy of John Adams and American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson, which won the 1997 National Book Award. After graduating from Yale University and the College of William and Mary, Ellis currently lives in Amherst, Massachusetts, with his wife, EllenRead MoreThe War Of North Carolina1089 Words   |  5 Pagesdelegate to the state constitutional convention in 1795, then Tennessee s first congressman, then a senator. He resigned his Senate post after one year to take a job closer to home, as judge of Tennessee s superior court. In 1802 he challenged Governor John Sevier for election as major general in command of the state militia. Jackson s senior by more than twenty years, Sevier was a veteran of the Revolution and of many Indian campaigns, and the state s leading politician. Jackson beat him for the generals hip

Rivethead Social Issues of Work Essay Example For Students

Rivethead Social Issues of Work Essay Ben Hampers book Rivethead; Tales From The Assembly Line is a gritty in your face account of a factory workers struggles against his factory, his co-workers, and the time clock. Hamper makes no apologies for any of his actions, many of which were unorthodox or illegal. Instead he justifies them in a way that makes the factory workers strife apparent to those who have never set foot on an assembly line and wouldnt have the vaguest idea how much blood, sweat and tears go into the products we take for Rivethead is an account of the entire life of Author Ben Hamper, from his long family lineage of shoprats and his catholic school upbringing to his numerous different positions on the General Motors assembly line and his equally numerous lay-offs from the GM Truck Bus Division. Unfortunately the many years of back breaking labor combined with Hampers own personal demons led him to check into an outpatient mental facility (at the time of the completion of this book) where he learns daily to cope with his many years Rivethead is a social commentary on industrial America, assembly line work , and the auto industry. This essay, however, will focus on the more specific aspects Hamper considers, such as the monotony required on a (then) modern assembly line, the relationship and hierarchy among workers and their interaction with management as well as both collective and individual responses to work and job When Henry Ford first developed the idea of the assembly line he was heralded as one of the most forward thinking men of his time, and without the assembly line we would no doubt not be as powerful a nation as we are today. The assembly line principle as it matured in industrial society however, proved to destroy workers creativity and stifle the very essence of human life. Growth and change. On an assembly line workers are degraded to automatons, performing the same tasks over and over and over. Day in day out, without ever having any knowledge or input into any of the other tasks related to completion of the project. This monotony in the workplace spills over into the daily life of many factory workers and affects how they live their life outside of the factory after the whistle blows as much as it does while theyre on the assembly line. This spillover was observed by Hamper of his Grandfather. Straight home from work, dinner, the evening news and immediately into bed at 7:00 p.m. He arose each weekday at 3:30 a.m., fixed himself some black coffee, turned on the kitchen radio, smoked a handful of Lucky Strikes and waited to leave for work at a quarter to five. This regimen never varied one iota in the forty years he worked for GM (Hamper pg. 6). It is fairly clear that the monotony of the assembly line has a way of setting personal routines for its workers that eventually work their way out of the factory and into the home. One interesting question that is raised, is whether people who like their life to be routinized eventually find their way to an assembly line or if the assembly line monotony brings the propensity to routinize out in people who previously did The relationships Hamper discusses between the workers on the assembly line are unique to say the least and sometimes comical or dangerous. After reading this book I would surmise that most factory workers build friendships with other factory workers almost exclusively. This could be due to their similarity of interests, similarity of jobs, the fact that they are in contact daily, or just by virtue of the timing of their shifts (as was Hampers case). I think one thing that helped to bind the workers together was the fact that they saw it as workers against management and by their solidarity they could turn the balance of power in their favor. .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38 , .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38 .postImageUrl , .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38 , .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38:hover , .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38:visited , .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38:active { border:0!important; } .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38:active , .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38 .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucbd98dfd4cc832628bc94a60596a3c38:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Issues Of Strategic And Change Management Essay This solidarity was visible when a new supervisor was hired who wasnt cutting the workers any slack, so the workers resorted to sabotage. We simply had no other recourse. Sometimes these power-gods had to be reminded that it was we, the workers, who kept this place runnin (Hamper pg.206). Relationships between workers were generally very good, although there was a hierarchy among the workers between the new guys and the experienced guys. Franklin. ..made a career out of intimidating rookies (Hamper pg.51) because until a worker had put in 90 days he could be fired for any reason. Not all of Hampers co-workers saw eye to eye with him when it came to his column in the Flint Voice. .

PAul Cronan and the New England Telephone Company Essay Example For Students

PAul Cronan and the New England Telephone Company Essay CASE: Paul Cronan and New England Telephone Company (A)I.LEGAL CASE ANALYSISA.FactsPaul Cronan was hired by New England Telephone (NET) in 1973 as a file clerk. In 1983 he was promoted to service technician. He worked in Needham, Massachusetts for 18 months before transferring to South Boston, Massachusetts. In 1985, Cronan suffered from medical symptoms due to AIDS-related complex (ARC), and missed work sporadically for 6 months. In June, 1985 Cronan requested a third leave of absence from work for a doctors appointment. Cronans supervisor, Charles OBrian, demanded to know the nature of the illness, and assured him that the information would be kept confidential. Cronan informed OBrian that the illness was AIDS-related, whereupon he received the work excuse to see his doctor. OBrien informed his supervisor, Paul Cloran, of Cronans AIDS status, who in turn informed his own supervisor. The following day, in accordance with company policy, OBrien mandated that Cronan see the company ph ysician. After a 10 minute physical examination Cronan was sent home. Two days later, a coworker informed Cronan that news of his AIDS-related illness had spread around his co-workers, and that threats of physical violence were made against Cronan should he return. Fearing for his safety and health, Cronan requested medical leave, which was granted. He began receiving company-paid medical benefits, first departmental sickness benefits, then illness benefits. Illness benefits were extended several times to 12 months total. In August 1985, Cronan wished to return to work. His new supervisor, Richard Griffin, stated that in accordance with company policy a medical certificate from his physician certifying his ability to return to work was required. Cronan obtained the certificate but also requested a transfer to another location. He did not receive a response to his request and did not return to the South Boston facility, fearing that he would be physically harmed. In September 1985, Cronan was hospitalized with AIDS. During this hospitalization he received a letter of condolence from Griffin offering a return to his previous position with no mention of a transfer or new assignment. In December 1985, Cronan filed a lawsuit assisted by the Civil Liberties Union of Massachusetts for $1.45 million in state court, alleging invasion of privacy and discrimination of a handicap. In August of 1985, NET began to modify policies that reflected AIDS in the workplace. These policies stated that AIDS was to be treated as any other illness and an employee diagnosed with AIDS may return to work if he is not disabled. The policies were unanimously approved by management and added to the corporate policy handbooks. No formal dissemination of these policies to the rank and file workers was made. In June 1986, Cronan was informed that his illness benefits had ceased and he was now only entitled to long term disability payments, having effectively been terminated from NET. Due to financial hardships, Cronan and NET came to a settlement agreement in October 1986. Cronan was reinstated in his job and transferred to the Needham, Massachusetts facility. The financial details remained sealed. Immediately upon his return to work at Needham, Cronan was subjected to harassment and hostility from the coworkers. The workers filed a union grievance stating that the reinstatement of Cronan violated their safety and health agreement in their labor contract. The next day the coworkers refused to be in contact with Cronan and 29 workers staged a walk-out. B.Critical Legal Issues1.Privacy Cronans privacy may have been violated when the news of his medical condition was revealed to the line management and subsequently to the coworkers. 2.Discrimination Cronans diagnosis of AIDS could conceivably fall under the category of a disability, therefore the treatment he received from NET and the coworkers could be construed as frankly discriminatory. 3.Sexual Harassment Cronans treatment at the hands of his coworkers might broadly be construed as sexual harassment due to his homosexuality. 4.Disability AIDS might be considered a disability so that employer discrimination based on such a disability may be a violation of the law. C.Legal Rules1.Privacy. Massachusetts General Law (G.L. c. 214, 1B) Right of Privacy, states A person shall have a right against unreasonable, substantial or serious interference with his privacy. 2.Discrimination. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits job discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, except when there are bona fide occupational qualifications reasonably necessary to normal business operations. Under the disparate treatment doctrine, the employee must provide evidence that the employer intentionally discriminated against the employee. Under the disparate impact doctrine, the employee must prove that the employers policies had a discriminatory effect on a group protected under title VII. 3.Sexual Harassment. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination based on sex. A hostile work environment is prohibited even if no economic loss occurs and is considered discrimination under Title VII ((477 U.S. 57 (1986) Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson.))4.DisabilityThe Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which prohibits discrimination in employment based on medical disability was not ratified until 1990. No relief for discrimination in employment based on a disease such as AIDS was available in 1986. Prejudice Thinking EssayNET developed a policy regarding AIDS in the workplace that was prepared as early as September 1985. It was disseminated by word of mouth to high level managers, but not to the rank and file employees. Knowledge may have gone a long way to mitigate the actions of the coworkers. It is a fair assumption that had the information been available to the workers sooner, many of the subsequent problems may have been lessened or obviated. Ethically the information should have been widely disseminated. D.Ethical AlternativesRegarding the privacy issues, there are few arguments against the alternative of maintaining Cronans medical history private. Under utilitarianism analysis, the costs of maintaining confidence are few, whereas the liabilities of not keeping the information private are many, even discounting the legal liabilities involved. There is no benefit to the majority in knowing Cronans particular medical history the only argument for this course of action would be if a serious communicable disease existed that immediately placed the health of all the workers at risk were the information kept private. Indeed, utilitarianism theory supports the utility of keeping medical information private as the rest of the workers would retain their job satisfaction, therefore the ethical action is to keep the medical information private. . Deontological theory focuses on the duties, obligations and principles of the entity involved. Clearly the duty here is to keep the medical informat ion private, which would be the ethical course of action. Regarding Cronans continued employment and job situation, one might argue that alternatives exist. Under utilitarianism, the greatest utility is that which benefits the majority over the few. If the employment satisfaction of the workers as a whole is considered to be the greatest utility, then NET would behave ethically by not allowing Cronan to return to work but instead terminating him and resigning him to the benefits he is entitled to under the employment agreement, which are long-term disability benefits only. These actions would ensure the maximum job satisfaction of the majority of the workers and would constitute ethical behavior on the part of NET. Under deontological theory however, the principles and duties involved require that ethical behavior protects Cronan despite the objections of the majority or the business consequences thereof. The duty to Cronan is to accommodate his illness, however controversial, in a sensitive and humane manner, so that minimal injury is sustained. E.Judgment and RationaleAIDS in 1985 was a relatively obscure disease of which the medical facts were relatively unknown to those outside the medical establishment. The overall sentiment was that it was a lethal and highly contagious disease found only in male homosexuals and drug addicts. It almost becomes difficult to find fault with a company forced to deal with this controversial issue as the test case. Yet legal issues aside, the ethical behavior in this situation remains clear. Privacy of medical information is almost sacrosanct, so much so that medical care providers cannot be compelled to provide medical information of a patient even to law enforcement officials without the consent of the individual. Although there may be no similar legal corollary binding the officers of a business, clearly the ethical decision in any situation similar to Paul Cronans is to keep the information private. There is no obviating need to know principle in place that compels the informing of the workers, such as the discovery of a highly communicable illness that puts the workers at risk or requires medical evaluation. Even if the dissemination of this private information were inadvertent, processes should be in place to prevent such occurrences. The potential for the development of bigotry or a hostile work environment requires an ethical response. The foreknowledge of Cronans anticipated return to work at NET in any capacity mandates that he be allowed to work in a harmoniou s and safe environment. As ignorance was the main impetus for the majority of the behaviors noted by Cronan, education would be the solution. The ethical course of action would be initially providing widespread company dissemination of the policy regarding AIDS in the workplace, followed by intense education of the workers about AIDS. An overall policy of intolerance of any harassment should be published and enforced. Finally, the ethical response to Cronan individually in the situation as listed in the narrative would be to find him a position constrained only by the limits of his medical condition where he would find job satisfaction in a workplace environment free of hostility and sexual harassment, with relocation provided if necessary.